Table of Contents
        
        
          - 
            
              Orchestra Opcodes and Operators
            
          
- 
            
              - 
                
                  !=
                
                 — 
      Determines if one value is not equal to another.
    
              
- 
                
                  #define
                
                 — 
      Defines a macro.
    
              
- 
                
                  #include
                
                 — 
      Includes an external file for processing.
                
              
- 
                
                  #undef
                
                 — 
      Un-defines a macro.
                      
              
- 
                
                  #ifdef
                
                 — 
      Conditional reading of code.
                
              
- 
                
                  #ifndef
                
                 — 
      Conditional reading of code.
                
              
- 
                
                  $NAME
                
                 — 
      Calls a defined macro.
                      
              
- 
                
                  %
                
                 — 
      Modulus operator.
          
              
- 
                
                  &&
                
                 — 
      Logical AND operator.
          
              
- 
                
                  >
                
                 — 
      Determines if one value is greater than another.
                            
              
- 
                
                  >=
                
                 — 
      Determines if one value is greater than or equal to another.
                            
              
- 
                
                  <
                
                 — 
      Determines if one value is less than another.
                            
              
- 
                
                  <=
                
                 — 
      Determines if one value is less than or equal to another.
                            
              
- 
                
                  *
                
                 — 
      Multiplication operator.
          
              
- 
                
                  +
                
                 — 
      Addition operator
    
              
- 
                
                  -
                
                 — 
      Subtraction operator.
          
              
- 
                
                  /
                
                 — 
      Division operator.
          
              
- 
                
                  =
                
                 — 
       Performs a simple assignment.
           
              
- 
                
                  +=
                
                 — 
       Performs add and assignment.
    
              
- 
                
                  ==
                
                 — 
      Compares two values for equality.
                            
              
- 
                
                  ^
                
                 — 
      “Power of” operator.
          
              
- 
                
                  ||
                
                 — 
      Logical OR operator.
          
              
- 
                
                  !
                
                 — 
      Logical NOT operator.
          
              
- 
                
                  0dbfs
                
                 — 
      Sets the value of 0 decibels using full scale amplitude.
    
              
- 
                
                  A4
                
                 — 
      Sets the base frequency for pitch A4.
    
              
- 
                
                  <<
                
                 — 
      Bitshift left operator.
    
              
- 
                
                  >>
                
                 — 
      Bitshift right operator.
    
              
- 
                
                  &
                
                 — 
      Bitwise AND operator.
    
              
- 
                
                  |
                
                 — 
      Bitwise OR operator.
    
              
- 
                
                  ¬
                
                 — 
      Bitwise NOT operator.
          
              
- 
                
                  #
                
                 — 
      Bitwise NON EQUIVALENCE operator.
          
              
- 
                
                  a
                
                 — 
      Converts a k-rate parameter to an a-rate value with interpolation.
          
              
- 
                
                  abs
                
                 — 
      Returns an absolute value.
          
              
- 
                
                  active
                
                 — 
      Returns the number of active instances of an instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  adsr
                
                 — 
      Calculates the classical ADSR envelope using linear segments.
          
              
- 
                
                  adsyn
                
                 — 
      Output is an additive set of individually controlled sinusoids, using an oscillator bank.
          
              
- 
                
                  adsynt
                
                 — 
      Performs additive synthesis with an arbitrary number of partials, not necessarily harmonic.
          
              
- 
                
                  adsynt2
                
                 — 
      Performs additive synthesis with an arbitrary number of partials -not necessarily harmonic- with interpolation.
          
              
- 
                
                  aftouch
                
                 — 
      Get the current after-touch value for this channel.
          
              
- 
                
                  allpole
                
                 — 
    Allpole filter implementation using direct convolution.
    
              
- 
                
                  alpass
                
                 — 
      Reverberates an input signal with a flat frequency response.
          
              
- 
                
                  alwayson
                
                 — 
      Activates the indicated instrument in the orchestra header,
      without need for an i statement.     
    
              
- 
                
                  ampdb
                
                 — 
      Returns the amplitude equivalent of the decibel value x.
          
              
- 
                
                  ampdbfs
                
                 — 
       Returns the amplitude equivalent (in 16-bit signed integer scale) of the full scale decibel (dB FS) value x.
    
              
- 
                
                  ampmidi
                
                 — 
      Get the velocity of the current MIDI event.
          
              
- 
                
                  ampmidicurve
                
                 — 
        Maps an input MIDI velocity number to an output gain factor with a
        maximum value of 1, modifying the output gain by a dynamic range and a
        shaping exponent.
    
              
- 
                
                  ampmidid
                
                 — 
        Musically map MIDI velocity to peak amplitude within a specified dynamic range in decibels.
    
              
- 
                
                  apoleparams
                
                 — 
     Extracts allpole filter parameters from coefficients.
    
              
- 
                
                  arduinoRead
                
                 — 
      Read data from an arduino port using the Csound-Arduino protocol.
    
              
- 
                
                  arduinoReadF
                
                 — 
      Read data from an arduino port using the Csound-Arduino protocol.
    
              
- 
                
                  arduinoStart
                
                 — 
      Open a serial port for use with the Arduino protocol.
    
              
- 
                
                  arduinoStop
                
                 — 
      Close a serial port using Arduino protocol.
    
              
- 
                
                  areson
                
                 — 
      A notch filter whose transfer functions are the complements of
      the reson opcode. 
    
              
- 
                
                  aresonk
                
                 — 
      A notch filter whose transfer functions are the complements of the reson opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  atone
                
                 — 
	    A hi-pass filter whose transfer functions are the complements of the tone opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  atonek
                
                 — 
	    A hi-pass filter whose transfer functions are the complements of the tonek opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  atonex
                
                 — 
      Emulates a stack of filters using the atone opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  ATSadd
                
                 —  uses the data from an ATS analysis file to perform additive synthesis.
        
              
- 
                
                  ATSaddnz
                
                 —  uses the data from an ATS analysis file to perform noise resynthesis.
        
              
- 
                
                  ATSbufread
                
                 —  reads data from and ATS data file and stores it in an internal data table of frequency, amplitude pairs.
                    
              
- 
                
                  ATScross
                
                 —  perform cross synthesis from ATS analysis files.
        
              
- 
                
                  ATSinfo
                
                 —  reads data out of the header of an ATS file.
        
              
- 
                
                  ATSinterpread
                
                 —  allows a user to determine the frequency envelope of any ATSbufread.
                    
              
- 
                
                  ATSread
                
                 —  reads data from an ATS file.
        
              
- 
                
                  ATSreadnz
                
                 —  reads data from an ATS file.
        
              
- 
                
                  ATSpartialtap
                
                 —  returns a frequency, amplitude pair from an ATSbufread opcode.
        
              
- 
                
                  ATSsinnoi
                
                 —  uses the data from an ATS analysis file to perform resynthesis.
        
              
- 
                
                  autocorr
                
                 — 
     Autocorrelation of a sequence.
    
              
- 
                
                  babo
                
                 — 
      A physical model reverberator.
          
              
- 
                
                  balance
                
                 — 
      Adjust one audio signal according to the values of another.
          
              
- 
                
                  balance2
                
                 — 
      Adjust one audio signal according to the values of another.
          
              
- 
                
                  bamboo
                
                 — 
      Semi-physical model of a bamboo sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  barmodel
                
                 — 
      Creates a tone similar to a struck metal bar.
    
              
- 
                
                  bbcutm
                
                 — 
      Generates breakbeat-style cut-ups of a mono audio stream.
    
              
- 
                
                  bbcuts
                
                 — 
      Generates breakbeat-style cut-ups of a stereo audio stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  betarand
                
                 — 
      Beta distribution random number generator (positive values only).
    
              
- 
                
                  bexprnd
                
                 — 
      Exponential distribution random number generator.
    
              
- 
                
                  bformenc1
                
                 — 
      Codes a signal into the ambisonic B format.
    
              
- 
                
                  bformdec1
                
                 — 
      Decodes an ambisonic B format signal
          
              
- 
                
                  bformdec2
                
                 — 
      Decodes an Ambisonics B format signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  binit
                
                 — 
    PVS tracks to amplitude+frequency conversion.
      
    
              
- 
                
                  biquad
                
                 — 
      A sweepable general purpose biquadratic digital filter.
          
              
- 
                
                  biquada
                
                 — 
      A sweepable general purpose biquadratic digital filter with a-rate parameters.
    
              
- 
                
                  birnd
                
                 — 
      Returns a random number in a bi-polar range.
          
              
- 
                
                  bob
                
                 — 
      Runge-Kutte numerical simulation of the Moog analog resonant filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  bpf
                
                 — 
      Break point function with linear interpolation
    
              
- 
                
                  bpfcos
                
                 — 
      Break point function with cosine (easy-in/easy-out) interpolation
    
              
- 
                
                  bqrez
                
                 — 
      A second-order multi-mode filter.
          
              
- 
                
                  butbp
                
                 — 
      Same as the butterbp opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  butbr
                
                 — 
      Same as the butterbr opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  buthp
                
                 — 
      Same as the butterhp opcode.
    
              
- 
                
                  butlp
                
                 — 
      Same as the butterlp opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  butterbp
                
                 — 
      A band-pass Butterworth filter.
          
              
- 
                
                  butterbr
                
                 — 
      A band-reject Butterworth filter.
          
              
- 
                
                  butterhp
                
                 — 
      A high-pass Butterworth filter.
          
              
- 
                
                  butterlp
                
                 — 
      A low-pass Butterworth filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  button
                
                 — 
      Sense on-screen controls.
    
              
- 
                
                  buzz
                
                 — 
      Output is a set of harmonically related sine partials.                                  
    
              
- 
                
                  c2r
                
                 — 
    Real to complex format conversion.
    
              
- 
                
                  cabasa
                
                 — 
      Semi-physical model of a cabasa sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  cauchy
                
                 — 
      Cauchy distribution random number generator. 
                
              
- 
                
                  cauchyi
                
                 — 
      Cauchy distribution random number generator with
      interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  ceil
                
                 — 
      Returns the smallest integer not less than x
     
              
- 
                
                  cell
                
                 — 
      Cellular Automaton
    
              
- 
                
                  cent
                
                 — 
      Calculates a factor to raise/lower a frequency by a given amount of cents.
    
              
- 
                
                  centroid
                
                 — 
      Calculate the spectral centroid of a signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  ceps
                
                 — 
      Calculate the cepstrum of an array input, optionally filtering coefficients.
    
              
- 
                
                  cepsinv
                
                 — 
      Calculate the inverse cepstrum of an array.
    
              
- 
                
                  cggoto
                
                 — 
      Conditionally transfer control on every pass.
    
              
- 
                
                  chanctrl
                
                 — 
      Get the current value of a MIDI channel controller.
          
              
- 
                
                  changed
                
                 — 
     k-rate signal change detector.
    
              
- 
                
                  changed2
                
                 — 
     k-rate signal change detector.
          
              
- 
                
                  chani
                
                 — 
      Reads data from the software bus
    
              
- 
                
                  chano
                
                 — 
      Send data to the outwards software bus
    
              
- 
                
                  cbrt
                
                 — 
      Cubic root function.
    
              
- 
                
                  chebyshevpoly
                
                 — 
      Efficiently evaluates the sum of Chebyshev polynomials of arbitrary order.
    
              
- 
                
                  checkbox
                
                 — 
      Sense on-screen controls.
          
              
- 
                
                  chn
                
                 — 
      Declare a channel of the named software bus.
    
              
- 
                
                  chnclear
                
                 — 
      Clears a number of audio output channel of the named software bus.
    
              
- 
                
                  chnexport
                
                 — 
      Export a global variable as a channel of the bus.
    
              
- 
                
                  chnget
                
                 — 
      Reads data from the software bus.
    
              
- 
                
                  chnmix
                
                 — 
      Writes audio data to the named software bus, mixing to the previous
      output.
    
              
- 
                
                  chnparams
                
                 — 
      Query parameters of a channel.
    
              
- 
                
                  chnset
                
                 — 
      Writes data to the named software bus.
    
              
- 
                
                  chuap
                
                 — 
      Simulates Chua's oscillator, an LRC oscillator with an active resistor, proved capable of bifurcation and chaotic attractors, with k-rate control of circuit elements.
    
              
- 
                
                  cigoto
                
                 — 
      Conditionally transfer control during the i-time pass.
    
              
- 
                
                  ckgoto
                
                 — 
      Conditionally transfer control during the p-time passes.
    
              
- 
                
                  clear
                
                 — 
      Zeroes a list of audio signals.
    
              
- 
                
                  clfilt
                
                 — 
      Implements low-pass and high-pass filters of different styles.
          
              
- 
                
                  clip
                
                 — 
      Clips a signal to a predefined limit.
    
              
- 
                
                  clockoff
                
                 — 
      Stops one of a number of internal clocks.
          
              
- 
                
                  clockon
                
                 — 
      Starts one of a number of internal clocks.
          
              
- 
                
                  cmp
                
                 — 
      Compares audio signals or arrays
    
              
- 
                
                  cmplxprod
                
                 — 
     Complex product of two arrays.
    
              
- 
                
                  cngoto
                
                 — 
      Transfers control on every pass when a condition is not true.
    
              
- 
                
                  comb
                
                 — 
      Reverberates an input signal with a “colored” frequency response.
          
              
- 
                
                  combinv
                
                 — 
      Reverberates an input signal with a “colored” frequency response.
          
              
- 
                
                  compilecsd
                
                 — 
      compiles a new orchestra from an ASCII file
    
              
- 
                
                  compileorc
                
                 — 
      compiles a new orchestra from an ASCII file
    
              
- 
                
                  compilestr
                
                 — 
      compiles a new orchestra passed in as an ASCII string
    
              
- 
                
                  compress
                
                 — 
      Compress, limit, expand, duck or gate an audio signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  compress2
                
                 — 
      Compress, limit, expand, duck or gate an audio signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  connect
                
                 — 
      Connects a source outlet to a sink inlet.
    
              
- 
                
                  control
                
                 — 
      Configurable slider controls for realtime user input.
          
              
- 
                
                  convle
                
                 — 
      Same as the convolve opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  convolve
                
                 — 
      Convolves a signal and an impulse response.
    
              
- 
                
                  copya2ftab
                
                 — 
      Copy data from a vector to an f-table.
    
              
- 
                
                  copyf2array
                
                 — 
      Copy data from an f-table to a vector.
    
              
- 
                
                  cos
                
                 — 
      Performs a cosine function.
          
              
- 
                
                  cosseg
                
                 — 
      Trace a series of line segments between specified points with
      cosine interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  cossegb
                
                 — 
      Trace a series of line segments between specified absolute points with
      cosine interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  cossegr
                
                 — 
      Trace a series of line segments between specified points with
      cosine interpolation, including a release segment.
    
              
- 
                
                  cosh
                
                 — 
      Performs a hyperbolic cosine function.
          
              
- 
                
                  cosinv
                
                 — 
      Performs a arccosine function.
          
              
- 
                
                  count
                
                 — 
      Get the next value from a counter.
    
              
- 
                
                  count_i
                
                 — 
      Get the next value from a counter.
    
              
- 
                
                  cntCycles
                
                 — 
      Get the number of times a counter has cycled.
    
              
- 
                
                  cntRead
                
                 — 
      Read current value of a counter object.
    
              
- 
                
                  cntReset
                
                 — 
      Resets a counter object.
    
              
- 
                
                  cntState
                
                 — 
      Gives the range and increment of a counter.
    
              
- 
                
                  cntCreate
                
                 — 
      Create a counter object.
    
              
- 
                
                  cntDelete
                
                 — 
      Delete a counter.
    
              
- 
                
                  cntDelete_i
                
                 — 
      Delete a counter.
    
              
- 
                
                  cps2pch
                
                 — 
      Converts a pitch-class value into cycles-per-second (Hz) for equal divisions of the octave.
    
              
- 
                
                  cpsmidi
                
                 — 
      Get the note number of the current MIDI event, expressed in cycles-per-second.
    
              
- 
                
                  cpsmidib
                
                 — 
      Get the note number of the current MIDI event and modify it by the current pitch-bend value, express it in cycles-per-second. 
          
              
- 
                
                  cpsmidinn
                
                 — 
      Converts a Midi note number value to cycles-per-second.
          
              
- 
                
                  cpsoct
                
                 — 
      Converts an octave-point-decimal value to cycles-per-second.
    
              
- 
                
                  cpspch
                
                 — 
      Converts a pitch-class value to cycles-per-second.
    
              
- 
                
                  cpstmid
                
                 — 
      Get a MIDI note number (allows customized micro-tuning scales).
          
              
- 
                
                  cpstun
                
                 — 
      Returns micro-tuning values at k-rate.
    
              
- 
                
                  cpstuni
                
                 — 
      Returns micro-tuning values at init-rate.
    
              
- 
                
                  cpsxpch
                
                 — 
       Converts a pitch-class value into cycles-per-second (Hz) for equal divisions of any interval.
    
              
- 
                
                  cpumeter
                
                 — 
      Reports the usage of cpu either total or per core.
    
              
- 
                
                  cpuprc
                
                 — 
      Control allocation of cpu resources on a per-instrument basis, to optimize realtime output.
    
              
- 
                
                  cross2
                
                 — 
      Cross synthesis using FFT's.
          
              
- 
                
                  crossfm
                
                 — 
      Two mutually frequency and/or phase modulated oscillators.
    
              
- 
                
                  crunch
                
                 — 
      Semi-physical model of a crunch sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  ctrl14
                
                 — 
      Allows a floating-point 14-bit MIDI signal scaled with a minimum and a maximum range.
          
              
- 
                
                  ctrl21
                
                 — 
      Allows a floating-point 21-bit MIDI signal scaled with a minimum and a maximum range.
          
              
- 
                
                  ctrl7
                
                 — 
      Allows a floating-point 7-bit MIDI signal scaled with a minimum and a maximum range.
    
              
- 
                
                  ctrlinit
                
                 — 
      Sets the initial values for a set of MIDI controllers.
          
              
- 
                
                  ctrlpreset
                
                 — 
      Defines a preset for MIDI controllers.
    
              
- 
                
                  ctrlprint
                
                 — 
      Print the saved values of MIDI controllers.
    
              
- 
                
                  ctrlprintpresets
                
                 — 
      Prints the current collection of presets for MIDI controllers.
    
              
- 
                
                  ctrlsave
                
                 — 
      Recovers the current values of MIDI controllers.
    
              
- 
                
                  ctrlselect
                
                 — 
      Loads a preset of values for MIDI controllers.
    
              
- 
                
                  cuserrnd
                
                 — 
      Continuous USER-defined-distribution RaNDom generator.
          
              
- 
                
                  dam
                
                 — 
      A dynamic compressor/expander.
          
              
- 
                
                  date
                
                 — 
      Returns the number seconds since a base date.
    
              
- 
                
                  dates
                
                 — 
      Returns as a string the date and time specified.
    
              
- 
                
                  db
                
                 — 
      Returns the amplitude equivalent for a given decibel amount.
          
              
- 
                
                  dbamp
                
                 — 
      Returns the decibel equivalent of the raw amplitude x.
          
              
- 
                
                  dbfsamp
                
                 — 
      Returns the decibel equivalent of the raw amplitude x, relative to full scale amplitude.
          
              
- 
                
                  dcblock
                
                 — 
      A DC blocking filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  dcblock2
                
                 — 
      A DC blocking filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  dconv
                
                 — 
      A direct convolution opcode.
    
              
- 
                
                  dct
                
                 — 
     Discrete Cosine Transform of a sample array (type-II DCT)
    
              
- 
                
                  dctinv
                
                 — 
     Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform of a sample array (type-III DCT)
    
              
- 
                
                  deinterleave
                
                 — 
    Deinterleaves arrays by picking alternate data from its input.
    
              
- 
                
                  delay
                
                 — 
      Delays an input signal by some time interval.
          
              
- 
                
                  delay1
                
                 — 
      Delays an input signal by one sample.
          
              
- 
                
                  delayk
                
                 — 
      Delays an input signal by some time interval.
          
              
- 
                
                  delayr
                
                 — 
      Reads from an automatically established digital delay line.
          
              
- 
                
                  delayw
                
                 — 
      Writes the audio signal to a digital delay line.
          
              
- 
                
                  deltap
                
                 — 
      Taps a delay line at variable offset times.
    
              
- 
                
                  deltap3
                
                 — 
      Taps a delay line at variable offset times, uses cubic interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  deltapi
                
                 — 
      Taps a delay line at variable offset times, uses interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  deltapn
                
                 — 
      Taps a delay line at variable offset times.
    
              
- 
                
                  deltapx
                
                 — 
      Read from or write to a delay line with interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  deltapxw
                
                 — 
      Mixes the input signal to a delay line.
    
              
- 
                
                  denorm
                
                 — 
      Mixes low level noise to a list of a-rate signals
          
              
- 
                
                  diff
                
                 — 
      Modify a signal by differentiation.
    
              
- 
                
                  diode_ladder
                
                 — 
      Zero-delay feedback implementation of 4 pole diode ladder filter. 
    
              
- 
                
                  directory
                
                 — 
      Reads a directory and outputs to a string array a list of file names.
    
              
- 
                
                  diskgrain
                
                 — 
      Synchronous granular synthesis, using a soundfile as source.
    
              
- 
                
                  diskin
                
                 — 
      Reads audio data from an external device or stream and can alter its pitch.
    
              
- 
                
                  diskin2
                
                 — 
      Reads audio data from a file, and can alter its pitch using one of several
      available interpolation types, as well as convert the sample rate to match
      the orchestra sr setting.
    
              
- 
                
                  dispfft
                
                 — 
      Displays the Fourier Transform of an audio or control signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  display
                
                 — 
      Displays the audio or control signals as an amplitude vs. time graph.
    
              
- 
                
                  distort
                
                 — 
      Distort an audio signal via waveshaping and optional clipping.
    
              
- 
                
                  distort1
                
                 — 
      Modified hyperbolic tangent distortion.
          
              
- 
                
                  divz
                
                 — 
       Safely divides two numbers.
           
              
- 
                
                  doppler
                
                 — 
      A fast and robust method for approximating sound propagation, achieving convincing Doppler shifts without having to solve equations.
    
              
- 
                
                  dot
                
                 — 
      Calculates the dot product of two arrays.
    
              
- 
                
                  downsamp
                
                 — 
      Modify a signal by down-sampling.
          
              
- 
                
                  dripwater
                
                 — 
      Semi-physical model of a water drop.
          
              
- 
                
                  dssiactivate
                
                 — Activates or deactivates a DSSI or LADSPA plugin.
    
              
- 
                
                  dssiaudio
                
                 — Processes audio using a LADSPA or DSSI plugin.
    
              
- 
                
                  dssictls
                
                 — Send control information to a LADSPA or DSSI plugin.
    
              
- 
                
                  dssiinit
                
                 — Loads a DSSI or LADSPA plugin.
    
              
- 
                
                  dssilist
                
                 — Lists all available DSSI and LADSPA plugins.
    
              
- 
                
                  dumpk
                
                 — 
      Periodically writes an orchestra control-signal value to an external file.
    
              
- 
                
                  dumpk2
                
                 — 
      Periodically writes two orchestra control-signal values to an external file.
    
              
- 
                
                  dumpk3
                
                 — 
      Periodically writes three orchestra control-signal values to an external file.
    
              
- 
                
                  dumpk4
                
                 — 
      Periodically writes four orchestra control-signal values to an external file.
    
              
- 
                
                  duserrnd
                
                 — 
      Discrete USER-defined-distribution RaNDom generator.
          
              
- 
                
                  dust
                
                 — 
      Random impulses.
    
              
- 
                
                  dust2
                
                 — 
      Random impulses.
    
              
- 
                
                  else
                
                 — 
      Executes a block of code when an "if...then" condition is false.
          
              
- 
                
                  elseif
                
                 — 
      Defines another "if...then" condition when a "if...then" condition is false.
          
              
- 
                
                  endif
                
                 — 
      Closes a block of code that begins with an "if...then" statement.
          
              
- 
                
                  endin
                
                 — 
      Ends the current instrument block.
          
              
- 
                
                  endop
                
                 — 
      Marks the end of an user-defined opcode block.
          
              
- 
                
                  envlpx
                
                 — 
      Applies an envelope consisting of 3 segments.
    
              
- 
                
                  envlpxr
                
                 — 
      The envlpx opcode with a final release segment.
    
              
- 
                
                  ephasor
                
                 — 
    produces two outputs: a periodic phase signal and a periodic exponential decaying signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  eqfil
                
                 — 
      Equalizer filter
    
              
- 
                
                  evalstr
                
                 — 
    Evalstrs evaluates a string containing Csound code, returning a value.
    
              
- 
                
                  event
                
                 — 
      Generates a score event from an instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  event_i
                
                 — 
      Generates a score event from an instrument.
          
              
- 
                
                  exciter
                
                 — 
      A non-linear filter system to excite the signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  exitnow
                
                 — 
      Exit Csound as fast as possible, with no cleaning up.
    
              
- 
                
                  exp
                
                 — 
      Returns e raised to the x-th power.
    
              
- 
                
                  expcurve
                
                 — 
      This opcode implements a formula for generating a normalised exponential curve in range 0 - 1. It is based on the Max / MSP work of Eric Singer (c) 1994.
    
              
- 
                
                  expon
                
                 — 
      Trace an exponential curve between specified points.
    
              
- 
                
                  exprand
                
                 — 
      Exponential distribution random number generator (positive values only).
    
              
- 
                
                  exprandi
                
                 — 
      Exponential distribution random number generator with
      interpolation (positive values only).
    
              
- 
                
                  expseg
                
                 — 
      Trace a series of exponential segments between specified points.
    
              
- 
                
                  expsega
                
                 — 
      An exponential segment generator operating at a-rate.
    
              
- 
                
                  expsegb
                
                 — 
      Trace a series of exponential segments between specified
      absolute points.
    
              
- 
                
                  expsegba
                
                 — 
      An exponential segment generator operating at a-rate with
      absolute times.
    
              
- 
                
                  expsegr
                
                 — 
      Trace a series of exponential segments between specified points including a release segment.
          
              
- 
                
                  faustaudio
                
                 — 
      Instantiates and runs a compiled Faust program.
    
              
- 
                
                  faustcompile
                
                 — 
      Invokes the just-in-time compiler to produce a instantiable DSP process from a Faust program.
    
              
- 
                
                  faustdsp
                
                 — 
      Instantiates a Faust program.
    
              
- 
                
                  faustctl
                
                 — 
      Adjusts a given control in a Faust DSP instance.
    
              
- 
                
                  faustgen
                
                 — 
      Compiles, Instantiates and runs a compiled Faust program.
    
              
- 
                
                  faustplay
                
                 — 
      Runs an instantiated Faust program.
    
              
- 
                
                  fareylen
                
                 — 
      returns the length of a Farey Sequence.
    
              
- 
                
                  fareyleni
                
                 — 
      returns the length of a Farey Sequence.
    
              
- 
                
                  ficlose
                
                 — 
      Closes a previously opened file.
    
              
- 
                
                  filebit
                
                 — 
      Returns the number of bits in each sample in a sound file.
          
              
- 
                
                  filelen
                
                 — 
      Returns the length of a sound file.
          
              
- 
                
                  filenchnls
                
                 — 
      Returns the number of channels in a sound file.
          
              
- 
                
                  filepeak
                
                 — 
      Returns the peak absolute value of a sound file.
    
              
- 
                
                  filescal
                
                 — 
      Phase-locked vocoder processing with onset detection/processing, 'tempo-scaling'.
    
              
- 
                
                  filesr
                
                 — 
      Returns the sample rate of a sound file.
    
              
- 
                
                  filevalid
                
                 — 
      Checks that a file can be read at initialisation or performance time.
    
              
- 
                
                  fillarray
                
                 — 
      Generate a vector with initial values.
    
              
- 
                
                  fft
                
                 — 
     Complex-to-complex Fast Fourier Transform.
    
              
- 
                
                  filter2
                
                 — 
      Performs filtering using a transposed form-II digital filter lattice with no time-varying control.
    
              
- 
                
                  fini
                
                 — 
      Read signals from a file at i-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  fink
                
                 — 
      Read signals from a file at k-rate.
    
              
- 
                
                  fiopen
                
                 — 
      Opens a file in a specific mode.
    
              
- 
                
                  flanger
                
                 — 
      A user controlled flanger.
    
              
- 
                
                  flashtxt
                
                 — 
      Allows text to be displayed from instruments like sliders
          
              
- 
                
                  FLbox
                
                 — 
      A FLTK widget that displays text inside of a box.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLbutBank
                
                 — 
      A FLTK widget opcode that creates a bank of buttons.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLbutton
                
                 — 
      A FLTK widget opcode that creates a button.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLcloseButton
                
                 — 
      A FLTK widget opcode that creates a button that will close the panel
      window it is a part of.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLcolor
                
                 — 
      A FLTK opcode that sets the primary colors.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLcolor2
                
                 — 
      A FLTK opcode that sets the secondary (selection) color.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLcount
                
                 — 
      A FLTK widget opcode that creates a counter.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLexecButton
                
                 — 
      A FLTK widget opcode that creates a button that executes a command.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLgetsnap
                
                 — 
      Retrieves a previously stored FLTK snapshot.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLgroup
                
                 — 
      A FLTK container opcode that groups child widgets.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLgroupEnd
                
                 — 
      Marks the end of a group of FLTK child widgets.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLgroup_end
                
                 — 
      Marks the end of a group of FLTK child widgets.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLhide
                
                 — 
      Hides the target FLTK widget.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLhvsBox
                
                 — 
      Displays a box with a grid useful for visualizing two-dimensional Hyper Vectorial Synthesis.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLhvsBoxSetValue
                
                 — 
      Sets the cursor position of a previously-declared FLhvsBox widget.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLjoy
                
                 — 
      A FLTK opcode that acts like a joystick. 
          
              
- 
                
                  FLkeyIn
                
                 — 
      Reports keys pressed (on alphanumeric keyboard) when an FLTK panel has focus.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLknob
                
                 — 
      A FLTK widget opcode that creates a knob.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLlabel
                
                 — 
      A FLTK opcode that modifies the appearance of a text label.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLloadsnap
                
                 — 
      Loads all snapshots into the memory bank of the current orchestra.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLmouse
                
                 — 
      Returns the mouse position and the state of the three mouse buttons.
    
              
- 
                
                  flooper
                
                 — 
      Function-table-based crossfading looper.
    
              
- 
                
                  flooper2
                
                 — 
      Function-table-based crossfading looper.
    
              
- 
                
                  floor
                
                 — 
      Returns the largest integer not greater than x
	     
              
- 
                
                  FLpack
                
                 — 
      Provides the functionality of compressing and aligning FLTK widgets.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLpackEnd
                
                 — 
      Marks the end of a group of compressed or aligned FLTK widgets.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLpack_end
                
                 — 
      Marks the end of a group of compressed or aligned FLTK widgets.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLpanel
                
                 — 
      Creates a window that contains FLTK widgets.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLpanelEnd
                
                 — 
      Marks the end of a group of FLTK widgets contained inside of a window (panel).
          
              
- 
                
                  FLpanel_end
                
                 — 
      Marks the end of a group of FLTK widgets contained inside of a window (panel).
          
              
- 
                
                  FLprintk
                
                 — 
      A FLTK opcode that prints a k-rate value at specified intervals.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLprintk2
                
                 — 
      A FLTK opcode that prints a new value every time a control-rate variable changes.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLroller
                
                 — 
      A FLTK widget that creates a transversal knob.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLrun
                
                 — 
      Starts the FLTK widget thread.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLsavesnap
                
                 — 
      Saves all snapshots currently created into a file.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLscroll
                
                 — 
      A FLTK opcode that adds scroll bars to an area.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLscrollEnd
                
                 — 
      A FLTK opcode that marks the end of an area with scrollbars.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLscroll_end
                
                 — 
      A FLTK opcode that marks the end of an area with scrollbars.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLsetAlign
                
                 — 
      Sets the text alignment of a label of a FLTK widget.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLsetBox
                
                 — 
      Sets the appearance of a box surrounding a FLTK widget.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLsetColor
                
                 — 
      Sets the primary color of a FLTK widget.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLsetColor2
                
                 — 
      Sets the secondary (or selection) color of a FLTK widget.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLsetFont
                
                 — 
      Sets the font type of a FLTK widget.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLsetPosition
                
                 — 
      Sets the position of a FLTK widget.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLsetSize
                
                 — 
      Resizes a FLTK widget.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLsetsnap
                
                 — 
      Stores the current status of all FLTK valuators into a snapshot location.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLsetSnapGroup
                
                 — 
      Determines the snapshot group for FL valuators.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLsetText
                
                 — 
      Sets the label of a FLTK widget.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLsetTextColor
                
                 — 
      Sets the color of the text label of a FLTK widget.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLsetTextSize
                
                 — 
      Sets the size of the text label of a FLTK widget.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLsetTextType
                
                 — 
      Sets some font attributes of the text label of a FLTK widget.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLsetVal_i
                
                 — 
      Sets the value of a FLTK valuator to a number provided by the user.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLsetVal
                
                 — 
      Sets the value of a FLTK valuator at control-rate.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLshow
                
                 — 
      Restores the visibility of a previously hidden FLTK widget.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLslidBnk
                
                 — 
      A FLTK widget containing a bank of horizontal sliders.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLslidBnk2
                
                 — 
      A FLTK widget containing a bank of horizontal sliders.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLslidBnkGetHandle
                
                 — 
      gets the handle of last slider bank created.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLslidBnkSet
                
                 — 
      modify the values of a slider bank.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLslidBnkSetk
                
                 — 
      modify the values of a slider bank.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLslidBnk2Set
                
                 — 
      modify the values of a slider bank.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLslidBnk2Setk
                
                 — 
      modify the values of a slider bank.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLslider
                
                 — 
      Puts a slider into the corresponding FLTK container.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLtabs
                
                 — 
      Creates a tabbed FLTK interface.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLtabsEnd
                
                 — 
      Marks the end of a tabbed FLTK interface.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLtabs_end
                
                 — 
      Marks the end of a tabbed FLTK interface.
          
              
- 
                
                  FLtext
                
                 — 
      A FLTK widget opcode that creates a textbox.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLupdate
                
                 — 
      Same as the FLrun opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  fluidAllOut
                
                 — 
      Collects all audio from all Fluidsynth engines in a performance
           
              
- 
                
                  fluidCCi
                
                 — 
      Sends a MIDI controller data message to fluid.
           
              
- 
                
                  fluidCCk
                
                 — 
      Sends a MIDI controller data message to fluid.
    
              
- 
                
                  fluidControl
                
                 — 
      Sends MIDI note on, note off, and other messages to a SoundFont preset.
           
              
- 
                
                  fluidEngine
                
                 — 
      Instantiates a fluidsynth engine.
    
              
- 
                
                  fluidInfo
                
                 — 
       Retrieves program information from currently loaded soundfont. 
    
              
- 
                
                  fluidLoad
                
                 — 
       Loads a SoundFont into a fluidEngine, optionally listing SoundFont contents.
    
              
- 
                
                  fluidNote
                
                 — 
      Plays a note on a channel in a fluidSynth engine.
           
              
- 
                
                  fluidOut
                
                 — 
      Outputs sound from a given fluidEngine
           
              
- 
                
                  fluidProgramSelect
                
                 — 
      Assigns a preset from a SoundFont to a channel on a fluidEngine.
           
              
- 
                
                  fluidSetInterpMethod
                
                 — 
      Set interpolation method for channel in Fluid Engine
           
              
- 
                
                  FLvalue
                
                 — 
      Shows the current value of a FLTK valuator.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLvkeybd
                
                 — 
      An FLTK widget opcode that creates a virtual keyboard widget.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLvslidBnk
                
                 — 
      A FLTK widget containing a bank of vertical sliders.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLvslidBnk2
                
                 — 
      A FLTK widget containing a bank of vertical sliders.
    
              
- 
                
                  FLxyin
                
                 — 
      Senses the mouse cursor position in a user-defined area inside an FLpanel.
    
              
- 
                
                  fmanal
                
                 — 
      AM/FM analysis from quadrature signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  fmax
                
                 — 
      Maximum value function.
    
              
- 
                
                  fmb3
                
                 — 
      Uses FM synthesis to create a Hammond B3 organ sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  fmbell
                
                 — 
      Uses FM synthesis to create a tublar bell sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  fmin
                
                 — 
      Minimum value function.
    
              
- 
                
                  fmmetal
                
                 — 
      Uses FM synthesis to create a “Heavy Metal” sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  fmod
                
                 — 
      Compute the floating point remainder operation.
    
              
- 
                
                  fmpercfl
                
                 — 
      Uses FM synthesis to create a percussive flute sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  fmrhode
                
                 — 
      Uses FM synthesis to create a Fender Rhodes electric piano sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  fmvoice
                
                 — 
      FM Singing Voice Synthesis
          
              
- 
                
                  fmwurlie
                
                 — 
      Uses FM synthesis to create a Wurlitzer electric piano sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  fof
                
                 — 
      Produces sinusoid bursts useful for formant and granular synthesis.
          
              
- 
                
                  fof2
                
                 — 
      Produces sinusoid bursts including k-rate incremental indexing with each successive burst.
    
              
- 
                
                  fofilter
                
                 — 
      Formant filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  fog
                
                 — 
      Audio output is a succession of grains derived from data in a stored function table
          
              
- 
                
                  fold
                
                 — 
      Adds artificial foldover to an audio signal.
          
              
- 
                
                  follow
                
                 — 
      Envelope follower unit generator.
          
              
- 
                
                  follow2
                
                 — 
      Another controllable envelope extractor.
          
              
- 
                
                  foscil
                
                 — 
      A basic frequency modulated oscillator.
          
              
- 
                
                  foscili
                
                 — 
      Basic frequency modulated oscillator with linear interpolation.
          
              
- 
                
                  fout
                
                 — 
      Outputs a-rate signals to an arbitrary number of channels.
    
              
- 
                
                  fouti
                
                 — 
      Outputs i-rate signals of an arbitrary number of channels to a specified file.
          
              
- 
                
                  foutir
                
                 — 
      Outputs i-rate signals from an arbitrary number of channels to a specified file.
          
              
- 
                
                  foutk
                
                 — 
      Outputs k-rate signals of an arbitrary number of channels to a specified file, in raw (headerless) format.
          
              
- 
                
                  fprintks
                
                 — 
      Similar to printks but prints to a file.
          
              
- 
                
                  fprints
                
                 — 
      Similar to prints but prints to a file.
    
              
- 
                
                  frac
                
                 — 
      Returns the fractional part of a decimal number.
          
              
- 
                
                  fractalnoise
                
                 — 
      A fractal noise generator.
    
              
- 
                
                  framebuffer
                
                 — 
       Read audio signals into 1 dimensional k-rate arrays and vice-versa with a specified buffer size.
    
              
- 
                
                  freeverb
                
                 — 
      Opcode version of Jezar's Freeverb
          
              
- 
                
                  ftaudio
                
                 — 
      Write a previously-allocated table to an audio file.
    
              
- 
                
                  ftchnls
                
                 — 
      Returns the number of channels in a stored function table.
    
              
- 
                
                  ftconv
                
                 — 
      Low latency multichannel convolution, using a function table as impulse
	response source.
    
              
- 
                
                  ftcps
                
                 — 
      Returns the base frequency of a stored function table in Hz.
          
              
- 
                
                  ftexists
                
                 — 
      Query if a given table exists
    
              
- 
                
                  ftfree
                
                 — 
      Deletes function table.
          
              
- 
                
                  ftgen
                
                 — 
      Generate a score function table from within the orchestra.
    
              
- 
                
                  ftgenonce
                
                 — 
       Generate a function table from within an instrument definition, without duplication of data.
    
              
- 
                
                  ftgentmp
                
                 — 
       Generate a score function table from within the orchestra, which is deleted at the end of the note.
    
              
- 
                
                  ftlen
                
                 — 
      Returns the size of a stored function table.
          
              
- 
                
                  ftload
                
                 — 
      Load a set of previously-allocated tables from a file.
          
              
- 
                
                  ftloadk
                
                 — 
      Load a set of previously-allocated tables from a file.
          
              
- 
                
                  ftlptim
                
                 — 
      Returns the loop segment start-time of a stored function table number.
    
              
- 
                
                  ftmorf
                
                 — 
       Morphs between multiple ftables as specified in a list.
          
              
- 
                
                  ftom
                
                 — 
          Convert frequency to midi
    
              
- 
                
                  ftprint
                
                 — 
      Print the contents of a table (for debugging)
    
              
- 
                
                  ftsamplebank
                
                 — 
      Reads a directory for sound files.
    
              
- 
                
                  ftsave
                
                 — 
      Save a set of previously-allocated tables to a file.
          
              
- 
                
                  ftsavek
                
                 — 
      Save a set of previously-allocated tables to a file.
          
              
- 
                
                  ftset
                
                 — 
      Sets multiple elements of a table to a given value
    
              
- 
                
                  ftslice
                
                 — 
      Copy a slice from an f-table to another f-table at performance
    
              
- 
                
                  ftslicei
                
                 — 
      Copy a slice from an f-table to another f-table at init
    
              
- 
                
                  ftsr
                
                 — 
      Returns the sampling-rate of a stored function table.
          
              
- 
                
                  gain
                
                 — 
      Adjusts the amplitude audio signal according to a root-mean-square value.
    
              
- 
                
                  gainslider
                
                 — 
      An implementation of a logarithmic gain curve which is similar to the gainslider~ object from Cycling 74 Max / MSP.
    
              
- 
                
                  gtadsr
                
                 — 
      A gated linear attack-decay-sustain with exponential release.
    
              
- 
                
                  gtf
                
                 — 
      Apply a gammatone filter to an audio signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  gauss
                
                 — 
      Gaussian distribution random number generator.
    
              
- 
                
                  gaussi
                
                 — 
      Gaussian distribution random number generator with
      interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  gausstrig
                
                 — 
      Random impulses around a certain frequency.
    
              
- 
                
                  gbuzz
                
                 — 
      Output is a set of harmonically related cosine partials.                      
    
              
- 
                
                  genarray
                
                 — 
      Generate a vector with an arithmetic sequence.
    
              
- 
                
                  genarray_i
                
                 — 
      Generate a vector with an arithmetic sequence.
    
              
- 
                
                  gendy
                
                 — 
      Dynamic stochastic approach to waveform synthesis conceived by Iannis Xenakis.
    
              
- 
                
                  gendyc
                
                 — 
      Dynamic stochastic approach to waveform synthesis using cubic interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  gendyx
                
                 — 
      Variation of the dynamic stochastic approach to waveform
      synthesis conceived by Iannis Xenakis.
    
              
- 
                
                  getcfg
                
                 — 
      Return Csound settings.
          
              
- 
                
                  getcol
                
                 — 
     Gets a given column from a 2-dimensional array as a vector.
    
              
- 
                
                  getftargs
                
                 — 
     Fill a string variable with the arguments used to create a function table at k-rate.
    
              
- 
                
                  getrow
                
                 — 
     Gets a given row from a 2-dimensional array as a vector.
    
              
- 
                
                  getseed
                
                 — 
      Reads the global seed value.
    
              
- 
                
                  gogobel
                
                 — 
      Audio output is a tone related to the striking of a cow bell or similar.
          
              
- 
                
                  goto
                
                 — 
      Transfer control on every pass.
    
              
- 
                
                  grain
                
                 — 
      Generates granular synthesis textures.
          
              
- 
                
                  grain2
                
                 — 
      Easy-to-use granular synthesis texture generator.
          
              
- 
                
                  grain3
                
                 — 
      Generate granular synthesis textures with more user control.
          
              
- 
                
                  granule
                
                 — 
      A more complex granular synthesis texture generator.
          
              
- 
                
                  guiro
                
                 — 
      Semi-physical model of a guiro sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  harmon
                
                 — 
      Analyze an audio input and generate harmonizing voices in synchrony.
          
              
- 
                
                  harmon2
                
                 — 
      Analyze an audio input and generate harmonizing voices in
      synchrony with formants preserved.
    
              
- 
                
                  hdf5read
                
                 — 
      Read signals and arrays from an hdf5 file.
    
              
- 
                
                  hdf5write
                
                 — 
      Write signals and arrays to an hdf5 file.
    
              
- 
                
                  hilbert
                
                 — 
      A Hilbert transformer.
    
              
- 
                
                  hilbert2
                
                 — 
      A Hilbert transformer.
    
              
- 
                
                  hrtfearly
                
                 — 
      Generates 3D binaural audio with high-fidelity early reflections in a parametric room using a Phase Truncation algorithm.
    
              
- 
                
                  hrtfmove
                
                 — 
      Generates dynamic 3d binaural audio for headphones using magnitude interpolation and phase truncation.
    
              
- 
                
                  hrtfmove2
                
                 — 
      Generates dynamic 3d binaural audio for headphones using a Woodworth based spherical head model
      with improved low frequency phase accuracy.
    
              
- 
                
                  hrtfreverb
                
                 — 
      A binaural, dynamic FDN based diffuse-field reverberator. The opcode works independently as an efficient, flexible reverberator.
    
              
- 
                
                  hrtfstat
                
                 — 
      Generates static 3d binaural audio for headphones using a
      Woodworth based spherical head model with improved low frequency
      phase accuracy.
    
              
- 
                
                  hsboscil
                
                 — 
      An oscillator which takes tonality and brightness as arguments.
          
              
- 
                
                  hvs1
                
                 — 
      Allows one-dimensional Hyper Vectorial Synthesis (HVS) controlled by externally-updated k-variables.
    
              
- 
                
                  hvs2
                
                 — 
      Allows two-dimensional Hyper Vectorial Synthesis (HVS) controlled by externally-updated k-variables.
    
              
- 
                
                  hvs3
                
                 — 
      Allows three-dimensional Hyper Vectorial Synthesis (HVS) controlled by externally-updated k-variables.
    
              
- 
                
                  hypot
                
                 — 
      Euclidean distance function.
    
              
- 
                
                  i
                
                 — 
      Returns an init-type equivalent of a k-rate argument, or directly returns an i-rate argument.
          
              
- 
                
                  if
                
                 — 
      Branches conditionally at initialization or during performance time.
    
              
- 
                
                  fftinv
                
                 — 
     Complex-to-complex Inverse Fast Fourier Transform.
    
              
- 
                
                  igoto
                
                 — 
      Transfer control during the i-time pass.
    
              
- 
                
                  ihold
                
                 — 
      Creates a held note.
          
              
- 
                
                  imagecreate
                
                 — 
      Create an empty image of a given size.
    
              
- 
                
                  imagefree
                
                 — 
      Frees memory allocated for a previously loaded or created image.
    
              
- 
                
                  imagegetpixel
                
                 — 
      Return the RGB pixel values of a previously opened or created image.
    
              
- 
                
                  imageload
                
                 — 
      Load an image.
    
              
- 
                
                  imagesave
                
                 — 
      Save a previously created image.
    
              
- 
                
                  imagesetpixel
                
                 — 
      Set the RGB value of a pixel inside a previously opened or created image.
    
              
- 
                
                  imagesize
                
                 — 
      Return the width and height of a previously opened or created image.
    
              
- 
                
                  in
                
                 — 
      Reads mono audio data from an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  in32
                
                 — 
      Reads a 32-channel audio signal from an external device or stream.
    
              
- 
                
                  inch
                
                 — 
      Reads from numbered channels in an external audio signal or stream.
    
              
- 
                
                  inh
                
                 — 
      Reads six-channel audio data from an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  init
                
                 — 
       Puts the value of the i-time expression into a k-, a-rate or t- variable.
    
              
- 
                
                  initc14
                
                 — 
      Initializes the controllers used to create a 14-bit MIDI value.
          
              
- 
                
                  initc21
                
                 — 
      Initializes the controllers used to create a 21-bit MIDI value.
    
              
- 
                
                  initc7
                
                 — 
      Initializes the controller used to create a 7-bit MIDI value.
          
              
- 
                
                  inleta
                
                 — 
      Receives an arate signal into an instrument through a named port.
    
              
- 
                
                  inletk
                
                 — 
      Receives a krate signal into an instrument from a named port.
    
              
- 
                
                  inletkid
                
                 — 
      Receives a krate signal into an instrument from a named port.
    
              
- 
                
                  inletf
                
                 — 
      Receives an frate signal (fsig) into an instrument from a named port.
    
              
- 
                
                  inletv
                
                 — 
      Receives an arate array signal into an instrument through a named port.
    
              
- 
                
                  ino
                
                 — 
      Reads eight-channel audio data from an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  inq
                
                 — 
      Reads quad audio data from an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  inrg
                
                 — 
      Allow input from a range of adjacent audio channels from the audio input device
    
              
- 
                
                  ins
                
                 — 
      Reads stereo audio data from an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  insremot
                
                 — 
      An opcode which can be used to implement a remote
      orchestra. This opcode will send note events from a source
      machine to one destination. 
    
              
- 
                
                  insglobal
                
                 — 
      An opcode which can be used to implement a remote
      orchestra. This opcode will send note events from a source
      machine to many destinations.
    
              
- 
                
                  instr
                
                 — 
      Starts an instrument block.
    
              
- 
                
                  int
                
                 — 
      Extracts an integer from a decimal number.
          
              
- 
                
                  integ
                
                 — 
      Modify a signal by integration.
    
              
- 
                
                  interleave
                
                 — 
    Interleaves arrays into a a single one by placing the input data
    in alternate positions.
    
              
- 
                
                  interp
                
                 — 
      Converts a control signal to an audio signal using linear interpolation.
          
              
- 
                
                  invalue
                
                 — 
      Reads a k-rate signal from a user-defined channel.
          
              
- 
                
                  inx
                
                 — 
      Reads a 16-channel audio signal from an external device or stream.
    
              
- 
                
                  inz
                
                 — 
      Reads multi-channel audio samples into a ZAK array from an external device or stream.
    
              
- 
                
                  JackoAudioIn
                
                 — 
      Receives an audio signal from a Jack port.
    
              
- 
                
                  JackoAudioInConnect
                
                 — 
      Creates an audio connection from a Jack port to Csound.
    
              
- 
                
                  JackoAudioOut
                
                 — 
      Sends an audio signal to a Jack port.
     
              
- 
                
                  JackoAudioOutConnect
                
                 — 
      Creates an audio connection from Csound to a Jack port.
     
              
- 
                
                  JackoFreewheel
                
                 — 
      Turns Jack's freewheeling mode on or off. 
    
              
- 
                
                  JackoInfo
                
                 — 
      Prints information about the Jack system.
    
              
- 
                
                  JackoInit
                
                 — 
      Initializes Csound as a Jack client.
    
              
- 
                
                  JackoMidiInConnect
                
                 — 
      Creates a MIDI  connection from a Jack port to Csound.
    
              
- 
                
                  JackoMidiOutConnect
                
                 — 
      Creates a MIDI connection from Csound to a Jack port.
     
              
- 
                
                  JackoMidiOut
                
                 — 
      Sends a MIDI channel message to a Jack port.     
    
              
- 
                
                  JackoNoteOut
                
                 — 
      Sends a MIDI channel message to a Jack port.     
    
              
- 
                
                  JackoOn
                
                 — 
      Enables or disables all Jack ports.
    
              
- 
                
                  JackoTransport
                
                 — 
      Control the Jack transport.
    
              
- 
                
                  jacktransport
                
                 — 
      Start/stop jack_transport and can optionally relocate the playback head.
    
              
- 
                
                  jitter
                
                 — 
      Generates a segmented line whose segments are randomly generated.
          
              
- 
                
                  jitter2
                
                 — 
      Generates a segmented line with user-controllable random segments.
          
              
- 
                
                  joystick
                
                 — 
      Reads data from a joystick controller.
    
              
- 
                
                  jspline
                
                 — 
      A jitter-spline generator.
          
              
- 
                
                  k
                
                 — 
      Converts a i-rate parameter to an k-rate value.
      Or converts an a-rate value to a k-rate value by down-sampling.
    
              
- 
                
                  K35_hpf
                
                 — 
      Zero-delay feedback implementation of Korg35 resonant high-pass filter. 
    
              
- 
                
                  K35_lpf
                
                 — 
      Zero-delay feedback implementation of Korg35 resonant low-pass filter. 
    
              
- 
                
                  kgoto
                
                 — 
      Transfer control during the performance-time passes.
    
              
- 
                
                  kr
                
                 — 
      Sets the control rate.
    
              
- 
                
                  ksmps
                
                 — 
      Sets the number of samples in a control period.
          
              
- 
                
                  lastcycle
                
                 — 
      Indicates whether an event is in its last performance cycle.
    
              
- 
                
                  lenarray
                
                 — 
      Evaluates the size or shape length of an array.
    
              
- 
                
                  lfo
                
                 — 
      A low frequency oscillator of various shapes.
          
              
- 
                
                  lfsr
                
                 — 
      Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR).
    
              
- 
                
                  limit
                
                 — 
      Sets the lower and upper limits of the value it processes.
          
              
- 
                
                  limit1
                
                 — 
      Limiting function
    
              
- 
                
                  line
                
                 — 
      Trace a straight line between specified points.
    
              
- 
                
                  linen
                
                 — 
      Applies a straight line rise and decay pattern to an input amp signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  linenr
                
                 — 
      The linen opcode extended with a final release segment.
    
              
- 
                
                  lineto
                
                 — 
      Generate glissandos starting from a control signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  linlin
                
                 — 
          Linear to linear interpolation
    
              
- 
                
                  lincos
                
                 — 
	  Linear to cosine interpolation
    
              
- 
                
                  link_beat_force
                
                 — 
      Forces the global network Ableton Link session to adopt a specific beat number and time.
    
              
- 
                
                  link_beat_get
                
                 — 
     Returns the beat, phase with respect to the local quantum, and current time for the session.
    
              
- 
                
                  link_beat_request
                
                 — 
       Requests the global network Ableton Link session to adopt a specific beat number and time.
    
              
- 
                
                  link_create
                
                 — 
      Creates a peer in an Ableton Link network session.
    
              
- 
                
                  link_enable
                
                 — 
      Enable or disable synchronization with the Ableton Link session.
    
              
- 
                
                  link_is_enabled
                
                 — 
      Returns whether or not this peer is synchronized with the global network Ableton Link session.
    
              
- 
                
                  link_metro
                
                 — 
      Returns a trigger that is 1 on the beat and 0 otherwise along with beat, phase, and time for this session of Ableton Link.
    
              
- 
                
                  link_peers
                
                 — 
      Returns the number of peers in the session.
    
              
- 
                
                  link_tempo_get
                
                 — 
        Returns the current tempo of the global network Ableton Link session.
    
              
- 
                
                  link_tempo_set
                
                 — 
      Sets the tempo.
    
              
- 
                
                  linrand
                
                 — 
      Linear distribution random number generator (positive values only).
                
              
- 
                
                  linseg
                
                 — 
      Trace a series of line segments between specified points.
    
              
- 
                
                  linsegb
                
                 — 
      Trace a series of line segments between specified absolute points.
    
              
- 
                
                  linsegr
                
                 — 
      Trace a series of line segments between specified points including a release segment.
    
              
- 
                
                  liveconv
                
                 — 
      Partitioned convolution with dynamically reloadable impulse response
    
              
- 
                
                  locsend
                
                 — 
      Distributes the audio signals of a previous locsig opcode.
    
              
- 
                
                  locsig
                
                 — 
      Takes an input signal and distributes between 2 or 4 channels.
    
              
- 
                
                  log
                
                 — 
      Returns a natural log of a number, or an array (with optional arbitrary base).
      
    
              
- 
                
                  log10
                
                 — 
      Returns a base 10 log.
          
              
- 
                
                  log2
                
                 — 
      Returns a base 2 log.
    
              
- 
                
                  logbtwo
                
                 — 
      Performs a logarithmic base two calculation.
          
              
- 
                
                  logcurve
                
                 — 
      This opcode implements a formula for generating a normalised logarithmic curve in range 0 - 1. It is based on the Max / MSP work of Eric Singer (c) 1994.
    
              
- 
                
                  loop_ge
                
                 — 
      Looping constructions.
    
              
- 
                
                  loop_gt
                
                 — 
      Looping constructions.
    
              
- 
                
                  loop_le
                
                 — 
      Looping constructions.
    
              
- 
                
                  loop_lt
                
                 — 
      Looping constructions.
    
              
- 
                
                  loopseg
                
                 — 
      Generate control signal consisting of linear segments delimited by two or more specified points.
    
              
- 
                
                  loopsegp
                
                 — 
      Control signals based on linear segments.
    
              
- 
                
                  looptseg
                
                 — 
      Generate control signal consisting of exponential or linear segments delimited by two or more specified points.
          
              
- 
                
                  loopxseg
                
                 — 
      Generate control signal consisting of exponential segments delimited by two or more specified points.
    
              
- 
                
                  lorenz
                
                 — 
      Implements the Lorenz system of equations.
    
              
- 
                
                  loscil
                
                 — 
      Read sampled sound from a table.
    
              
- 
                
                  loscil3
                
                 — 
      Read sampled sound from a table using cubic interpolation. A version that outputs the exact
      table position (phase) corresponding to the output sample is
      provided as an alternative opcode.
    
              
- 
                
                  loscilx
                
                 — 
        Read multi-channel sampled sound from a table.
    
              
- 
                
                  lowpass2
                
                 — 
      A resonant lowpass filter.
          
              
- 
                
                  lowres
                
                 — 
      Another resonant lowpass filter.
          
              
- 
                
                  lowresx
                
                 — 
      Simulates layers of serially connected resonant lowpass filters.
    
              
- 
                
                  lpcanal
                
                 — 
    Streaming linear prediction analysis.
    
              
- 
                
                  lpcfilter
                
                 — 
    Streaming linear prediction all-pole filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  lpf18
                
                 — 
      A 3-pole sweepable resonant lowpass filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  lpfreson
                
                 — 
      Resynthesises a signal from the data passed internally by a previous lpread, applying formant shifting.
    
              
- 
                
                  lphasor
                
                 — 
      Generates a table index for sample playback
          
              
- 
                
                  lpinterp
                
                 — 
      Computes a new set of poles from the interpolation between two analysis.
    
              
- 
                
                  lposcil
                
                 — 
      Read sampled sound from a table with looping and high precision.
    
              
- 
                
                  lposcil3
                
                 — 
      Read sampled sound from a table with high precision and cubic interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  lposcila
                
                 — 
      Read sampled sound from a table with looping and high precision.
    
              
- 
                
                  lposcilsa
                
                 — 
      Read stereo sampled sound from a table with looping and high precision.
    
              
- 
                
                  lposcilsa2
                
                 — 
      Read stereo sampled sound from a table with looping and high precision.
    
              
- 
                
                  lpread
                
                 — 
      Reads a control file of time-ordered information frames.
          
              
- 
                
                  lpreson
                
                 — 
      Resynthesises a signal from the data passed internally by a previous lpread.
    
              
- 
                
                  lpshold
                
                 — 
      Generate control signal consisting of held segments.
    
              
- 
                
                  lpsholdp
                
                 — 
      Control signals based on held segments.
    
              
- 
                
                  lpslot
                
                 — 
      Selects the slot to be use by further lp opcodes.
    
              
- 
                
                  lufs
                
                 — 
      Momentary, Integrated and Short-Term Loudness meter in LUFS
    
              
- 
                
                  mac
                
                 — 
      Multiplies and accumulates a- and k-rate signals.
          
              
- 
                
                  maca
                
                 — 
      Multiply and accumulate a-rate signals only.
    
              
- 
                
                  madsr
                
                 — 
      Calculates the classical ADSR envelope using the linsegr mechanism.
    
              
- 
                
                  mags
                
                 — 
    Obtains the magnitudes of a complex-number array
    
              
- 
                
                  mandel
                
                 — 
     Mandelbrot set
          
              
- 
                
                  mandol
                
                 — 
      An emulation of a mandolin.
          
              
- 
                
                  maparray
                
                 — 
      Apply a function to every element of a vector.
    
              
- 
                
                  marimba
                
                 — 
      Physical model related to the striking of a wooden block.
          
              
- 
                
                  massign
                
                 — 
      Assigns a MIDI channel number to a Csound instrument.
          
              
- 
                
                  max
                
                 — 
      Produces a signal that is the maximum of any number of input signals.
          
              
- 
                
                  maxabs
                
                 — 
      Produces a signal that is the maximum of the absolute values of any number of input signals.
          
              
- 
                
                  maxabsaccum
                
                 — 
      Accumulates the maximum of the absolute values of audio signals.
          
              
- 
                
                  maxaccum
                
                 — 
      Accumulates the maximum value of audio signals.
          
              
- 
                
                  maxalloc
                
                 — 
      Limits the number of allocations of an instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  max_k
                
                 — 
      Local maximum (or minimum) value of an incoming asig signal
          
              
- 
                
                  maxarray
                
                 — 
      returns the maximum value in an array.
    
              
- 
                
                  mclock
                
                 — 
      Sends a MIDI CLOCK message.
          
              
- 
                
                  mdelay
                
                 — 
      A MIDI delay opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  median
                
                 — 
      A median filter, a variant FIR lowpass filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  mediank
                
                 — 
      A median filter, a variant FIR lowpass filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  metro
                
                 — 
     Trigger Metronome
          
              
- 
                
                  metro2
                
                 — 
     Trigger Metronome with Swing and Accents
          
              
- 
                
                  metrobpm
                
                 — 
      Trigger Metronome with optional gate
    
              
- 
                
                  mfb
                
                 — 
     Mel scale filterbank for spectral magnitudes.
    
              
- 
                
                  midglobal
                
                 — 
      An opcode which can be used to implement a remote midi orchestra. This opcode will broadcast the midi events to all the machines involved in the remote concert.
    
              
- 
                
                  midiarp
                
                 — 
      Generates arpeggios based on currently held MIDI notes. 
    
              
- 
                
                  midic14
                
                 — 
      Allows a floating-point 14-bit MIDI signal scaled with a minimum and a maximum range.
          
              
- 
                
                  midic21
                
                 — 
      Allows a floating-point 21-bit MIDI signal scaled with a minimum and a maximum range.
          
              
- 
                
                  midic7
                
                 — 
      Allows a floating-point 7-bit MIDI signal scaled with a minimum and a maximum range.
          
              
- 
                
                  midichannelaftertouch
                
                 — 
      Gets a MIDI channel's aftertouch value.
          
              
- 
                
                  midichn
                
                 — 
      Returns the MIDI channel number from which the note was activated.
          
              
- 
                
                  midicontrolchange
                
                 — 
      Gets a MIDI control change value.
          
              
- 
                
                  midictrl
                
                 — 
      Get the current value (0-127) of a specified MIDI controller.
          
              
- 
                
                  mididefault
                
                 — 
      Changes values, depending on MIDI activation.
          
              
- 
                
                  midiin
                
                 — 
      Returns a generic MIDI message received by the MIDI IN port.
          
              
- 
                
                  midifilestatus
                
                 — 
      Returns the playback status of MIDI file input.
          
              
- 
                
                  midinoteoff
                
                 — 
      Gets a MIDI noteoff value.
          
              
- 
                
                  midinoteoncps
                
                 — 
      Gets a MIDI note number as a cycles-per-second frequency.
          
              
- 
                
                  midinoteonkey
                
                 — 
      Gets a MIDI note number value.
          
              
- 
                
                  midinoteonoct
                
                 — 
      Gets a MIDI note number value as octave-point-decimal value.
          
              
- 
                
                  midinoteonpch
                
                 — 
      Gets a MIDI note number as a pitch-class value.
          
              
- 
                
                  midion2
                
                 — 
      Sends noteon and noteoff messages to the MIDI OUT port.
    
              
- 
                
                  midion
                
                 — 
      Generates MIDI note messages at k-rate.
    
              
- 
                
                  midiout_i
                
                 — 
      Sends a generic MIDI message to the MIDI OUT port.
          
              
- 
                
                  midiout
                
                 — 
      Sends a generic MIDI message to the MIDI OUT port.
          
              
- 
                
                  midipitchbend
                
                 — 
      Gets a MIDI pitchbend value.
          
              
- 
                
                  midipolyaftertouch
                
                 — 
      Gets a MIDI polyphonic aftertouch value.
          
              
- 
                
                  midiprogramchange
                
                 — 
      Gets a MIDI program change value.
          
              
- 
                
                  miditempo
                
                 — 
      Returns the current tempo at k-rate, of either the MIDI file (if
      available) or the score.
    
              
- 
                
                  midremot
                
                 — 
      An opcode which can be used to implement a remote midi orchestra. This opcode will send midi events from a source machine to one destination.
    
              
- 
                
                  min
                
                 — 
      Produces a signal that is the minimum of any number of input signals.
          
              
- 
                
                  minabs
                
                 — 
      Produces a signal that is the minimum of the absolute values of any number of input signals.
          
              
- 
                
                  minabsaccum
                
                 — 
      Accumulates the minimum of the absolute values of audio signals.
          
              
- 
                
                  minaccum
                
                 — 
      Accumulates the minimum value of audio signals.
          
              
- 
                
                  mincer
                
                 — 
Phase-locked vocoder processing.
          
              
- 
                
                  minarray
                
                 — 
      returns the minimum value in an array.
    
              
- 
                
                  mirror
                
                 — 
      Reflects the signal that exceeds the low and high thresholds.
          
              
- 
                
                  MixerSetLevel
                
                 — 
      Sets the level of a send to a buss.
    
              
- 
                
                  MixerSetLevel_i
                
                 — 
      Sets the level of a send to a buss.
    
              
- 
                
                  MixerGetLevel
                
                 — 
      Gets the level of a send to a buss.
           
              
- 
                
                  MixerSend
                
                 — 
      Mixes an arate signal into a channel of a buss.
    
              
- 
                
                  MixerReceive
                
                 — 
      Receives an arate signal from a channel of a buss.
    
              
- 
                
                  MixerClear
                
                 — 
      Resets all channels of a buss to 0.
    
              
- 
                
                  mode
                
                 — 
      A filter that simulates a mass-spring-damper system
    
              
- 
                
                  modmatrix
                
                 — 
      Modulation matrix opcode with optimizations for sparse matrices.
    
              
- 
                
                  monitor
                
                 — 
      Returns the audio spout frame.
    
              
- 
                
                  moog
                
                 — 
      An emulation of a mini-Moog synthesizer.
          
              
- 
                
                  moogladder
                
                 — 
      Moog ladder lowpass filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  moogladder2
                
                 — 
      Moog ladder lowpass filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  moogvcf
                
                 — 
      A digital emulation of the Moog diode ladder filter configuration.
    
              
- 
                
                  moogvcf2
                
                 — 
      A digital emulation of the Moog diode ladder filter configuration.
    
              
- 
                
                  moscil
                
                 — 
      Sends a stream of the MIDI notes.
          
              
- 
                
                  mp3in
                
                 — 
      Reads mono or stereo audio data from an external MP3 file.
    
              
- 
                
                  mp3len
                
                 — 
      Returns the length of an MP3 sound file.
          
              
- 
                
                  mp3scal
                
                 — 
      Phase-locked vocoder processing with onset detection/processing, 'tempo-scaling'.
    
              
- 
                
                  mpulse
                
                 — 
      Generates a set of impulses.
    
              
- 
                
                  mrtmsg
                
                 — 
      Send system real-time messages to the MIDI OUT port.
          
              
- 
                
                  ms2st
                
                 — 
    Mid-Side to stereo Conversion.
    
              
- 
                
                  mtof
                
                 — 
          Convert a midi to frequency
    
              
- 
                
                  mton
                
                 — 
	  Convert midi note number to string note name
    
              
- 
                
                  multitap
                
                 — 
      Multitap delay line implementation.
    
              
- 
                
                  mute
                
                 — 
      Mutes/unmutes new instances of a given instrument.
          
              
- 
                
                  mvchpf
                
                 — 
      Moog voltage-controlled highpass filter emulation. 
    
              
- 
                
                  mvclpf1
                
                 — 
      Moog voltage-controlled lowpass filter emulation. 
    
              
- 
                
                  mvclpf2
                
                 — 
      Moog voltage-controlled lowpass filter emulation. 
    
              
- 
                
                  mvclpf3
                
                 — 
      Moog voltage-controlled lowpass filter emulation. 
    
              
- 
                
                  mvclpf4
                
                 — 
      Moog voltage-controlled lowpass filter emulation. 
    
              
- 
                
                  mvmfilter
                
                 — 
      A filter with pronounced resonance and controllable decay time.
    
              
- 
                
                  mxadsr
                
                 — 
      Calculates the classical ADSR envelope using the expsegr mechanism.
    
              
- 
                
                  nchnls
                
                 — 
      Sets the number of channels of audio output.
          
              
- 
                
                  nchnls_hw
                
                 — 
      Returns the number of audio channels in the underlying hardware.
    
              
- 
                
                  nchnls_i
                
                 — 
      Sets the number of channels of audio input.
    
              
- 
                
                  nestedap
                
                 — 
      Three different nested all-pass filters.
          
              
- 
                
                  nlfilt
                
                 — 
      A filter with a non-linear effect.
          
              
- 
                
                  nlfilt2
                
                 — 
      A filter with a non-linear effect and blowup protection.
          
              
- 
                
                  noise
                
                 — 
      A white noise generator with an IIR lowpass filter.
          
              
- 
                
                  noteoff
                
                 — 
      Send a noteoff message to the MIDI OUT port.
          
              
- 
                
                  noteon
                
                 — 
      Send a noteon message to the MIDI OUT port.
          
              
- 
                
                  noteondur2
                
                 — 
      Sends a noteon and a noteoff MIDI message both with the same channel, number and velocity.
          
              
- 
                
                  noteondur
                
                 — 
      Sends a noteon and a noteoff MIDI message both with the same channel, number and velocity.
          
              
- 
                
                  notnum
                
                 — 
      Get a note number from a MIDI event.
          
              
- 
                
                  nreverb
                
                 — 
      A reverberator consisting of 6 parallel comb-lowpass filters.
          
              
- 
                
                  nrpn
                
                 — 
      Sends a Non-Registered Parameter Number to the MIDI OUT port.
          
              
- 
                
                  nsamp
                
                 — 
      Returns the number of samples loaded into a stored function table number.
    
              
- 
                
                  nstance
                
                 — 
      Schedules a new instrument instance, storing the instance handle in a variable.
    
              
- 
                
                  ntom
                
                 — 
      Convert note name to midi note number
    
              
- 
                
                  ntof
                
                 — 
      Convert note name to frequency
    
              
- 
                
                  nstrnum
                
                 — 
      Returns the number of a named instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  nstrstr
                
                 — 
      Returns the string of a named instr from its number.
    
              
- 
                
                  ntrpol
                
                 — 
      Calculates the weighted mean value of two input signals.
          
              
- 
                
                  octave
                
                 — 
      Calculates a factor to raise/lower a frequency by a given amount of octaves.
    
              
- 
                
                  octcps
                
                 — 
      Converts a cycles-per-second value to octave-point-decimal.
    
              
- 
                
                  octmidi
                
                 — 
      Get the note number, in octave-point-decimal units, of the current MIDI event.
          
              
- 
                
                  octmidib
                
                 — 
      Get the note number of the current MIDI event and modify it by the current pitch-bend value, express it in octave-point-decimal.
          
              
- 
                
                  octmidinn
                
                 — 
      Converts a Midi note number value to octave-point-decimal.
    
              
- 
                
                  octpch
                
                 — 
      Converts a pitch-class value to octave-point-decimal.
    
              
- 
                
                  olabuffer
                
                 — 
        Sum overlapping frames of audio as k-rate arrays and read as an audio signal
    
              
- 
                
                  opcode
                
                 — 
      Defines the start of user-defined opcode block.
    
              
- 
                
                  oscbnk
                
                 — 
      Mixes the output of any number of oscillators.
          
              
- 
                
                  oscil1
                
                 — 
      Accesses table values by incremental sampling.
    
              
- 
                
                  oscil1i
                
                 — 
      Accesses table values by incremental sampling with linear interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  oscil3
                
                 — 
      A simple oscillator with cubic interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  oscil
                
                 — 
      A simple oscillator.
    
              
- 
                
                  oscili
                
                 — 
      A simple oscillator with linear interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  oscilikt
                
                 — 
      A linearly interpolated oscillator that allows changing the table number at k-rate.
    
              
- 
                
                  osciliktp
                
                 — 
      A linearly interpolated oscillator that allows allows phase modulation.
    
              
- 
                
                  oscilikts
                
                 — 
      A linearly interpolated oscillator with sync status that allows changing the table number at k-rate.
    
              
- 
                
                  osciln
                
                 — 
      Accesses table values at a user-defined frequency.
    
              
- 
                
                  oscils
                
                 — 
      A simple, fast sine oscillator
          
              
- 
                
                  oscilx
                
                 — 
      Same as the osciln opcode.
    
              
- 
                
                  OSCbundle
                
                 — 
      Sends data to other processes using the OSC protocol by packing
      messages in a bundle.
    
              
- 
                
                  OSCcount
                
                 — 
      Gives the Count of OSC messages currently unread.
    
              
- 
                
                  OSCinit
                
                 — 
      Start a listening process for OSC messages to a particular port.
          
              
- 
                
                  OSCinitM
                
                 — 
      Start a listening process for multicast OSC messages to a particular port.
    
              
- 
                
                  OSClisten
                
                 — 
      Listen for OSC messages to a particular path.
    
              
- 
                
                  OSCraw
                
                 — 
      Listen for all OSC messages at a given port.
    
              
- 
                
                  OSCsend
                
                 — 
      Sends data to other processes using the OSC protocol
    
              
- 
                
                  out32
                
                 — 
      Writes 32-channel audio data to an external device or stream.
    
              
- 
                
                  out
                
                 — 
      Writes audio data to an external device or stream.
    
              
- 
                
                  outall
                
                 — 
      Replicates one audio data sream to multiple channels.
    
              
- 
                
                  outc
                
                 — 
      Writes audio data with an arbitrary number of channels to an external device or stream.
    
              
- 
                
                  outch
                
                 — 
      Writes multi-channel audio data, with user-controllable channels, to an external device or stream.
    
              
- 
                
                  outh
                
                 — 
      Writes 6-channel audio data to an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  outiat
                
                 — 
      Sends MIDI aftertouch messages at i-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  outic14
                
                 — 
      Sends 14-bit MIDI controller output at i-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  outic
                
                 — 
      Sends MIDI controller output at i-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  outipat
                
                 — 
      Sends polyphonic MIDI aftertouch messages at i-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  outipb
                
                 — 
      Sends MIDI pitch-bend messages at i-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  outipc
                
                 — 
      Sends MIDI program change messages at i-rate
          
              
- 
                
                  outkat
                
                 — 
      Sends MIDI aftertouch messages at k-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  outkc14
                
                 — 
      Sends 14-bit MIDI controller output at k-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  outkc
                
                 — 
      Sends MIDI controller messages at k-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  outkpat
                
                 — 
      Sends polyphonic MIDI aftertouch messages at k-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  outkpb
                
                 — 
      Sends MIDI pitch-bend messages at k-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  outkpc
                
                 — 
      Sends MIDI program change messages at k-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  outleta
                
                 — 
      Sends an arate signal out from an instrument to a named port.
    
              
- 
                
                  outletf
                
                 — 
      Sends a frate signal (fsig) out from an instrument to a named port.
    
              
- 
                
                  outletk
                
                 — 
      Sends a krate signal out from an instrument to a named port.
    
              
- 
                
                  outletkid
                
                 — 
      Sends a krate signal out from an instrument to a named port.
    
              
- 
                
                  outletv
                
                 — 
      Sends an arate array signal out from an instrument to a named port.
    
              
- 
                
                  outo
                
                 — 
      Writes 8-channel audio data to an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  outq1
                
                 — 
      Writes samples to quad channel 1 of an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  outq2
                
                 — 
      Writes samples to quad channel 2 of an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  outq3
                
                 — 
      Writes samples to quad channel 3 of an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  outq4
                
                 — 
      Writes samples to quad channel 4 of an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  outq
                
                 — 
      Writes 4-channel audio data to an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  outrg
                
                 — 
      Allow output to a range of adjacent audio channels on the audio output device
    
              
- 
                
                  outs1
                
                 — 
      Writes samples to stereo channel 1 of an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  outs2
                
                 — 
      Writes samples to stereo channel 2 of an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  outs
                
                 — 
      Writes stereo audio data to an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  outvalue
                
                 — 
      Sends an i-rate or k-rate signal or string to a user-defined channel.
          
              
- 
                
                  outx
                
                 — 
      Writes 16-channel audio data to an external device or stream.
    
              
- 
                
                  outz
                
                 — 
      Writes multi-channel audio data from a ZAK array to an external device or stream.
    
              
- 
                
                  p5gconnect
                
                 — 
      Reads data from a P5 Glove controller.
    
              
- 
                
                  p5gdata
                
                 — 
      Reads data fields from an external P5 Glove.
    
              
- 
                
                  p
                
                 — 
      Show the value in a given p-field.
  
              
- 
                
                  pan2
                
                 — 
      Distribute an audio signal across two channels.
          
              
- 
                
                  pan
                
                 — 
      Distribute an audio signal amongst four channels.
    
              
- 
                
                  pareq
                
                 — 
      Implementation of Zoelzer's parametric equalizer filters.
          
              
- 
                
                  part2txt
                
                 — 
     Write a text file containing partial tracks data
          
              
- 
                
                  partials
                
                 — 
     Partial track spectral analysis.
          
              
- 
                
                  partikkel
                
                 — 
      Granular synthesizer with "per grain" control
      over many of its parameters.  Has a sync input to
      sychronize its internal grain scheduler clock to an external
      clock source.
    
              
- 
                
                  partikkelget
                
                 —  Get mask index for a specific mask parameter of a running partikkel instance.
    
              
- 
                
                  partikkelset
                
                 —  Set mask index for a specific mask parameter of a running partikkel instance.
    
              
- 
                
                  partikkelsync
                
                 —  Outputs partikkel's grain
      scheduler clock pulse and phase to synchronize several instances of the partikkel
      opcode to the same clock source.
    
              
- 
                
                  passign
                
                 — 
      Assigns a range of p-fields to ivariables.
    
              
- 
                
                  paulstretch
                
                 — 
      Extreme time-stretching algorithm by Nasca Octavian Paul.
    
              
- 
                
                  pcauchy
                
                 — 
      Cauchy distribution random number generator (positive values only).
                
              
- 
                
                  pchbend
                
                 — 
      Get the current pitch-bend value for this channel.
          
              
- 
                
                  pchmidi
                
                 — 
      Get the note number of the current MIDI event, expressed in pitch-class units.
          
              
- 
                
                  pchmidib
                
                 — 
      Get the note number of the current MIDI event and modify it by the current pitch-bend value, express it in pitch-class units.
          
              
- 
                
                  pchmidinn
                
                 — 
      Converts a Midi note number value to octave point pitch-class units.
    
              
- 
                
                  pchoct
                
                 — 
      Converts an octave-point-decimal value to pitch-class.
    
              
- 
                
                  pchtom
                
                 — 
          Convert pch to midi note number
    
              
- 
                
                  pconvolve
                
                 — 
      Convolution based on a uniformly partitioned overlap-save algorithm
    
              
- 
                
                  pcount
                
                 — 
      Returns the number of pfields belonging to a note event.
    
              
- 
                
                  pdclip
                
                 — 
      Performs linear clipping on an audio signal or a phasor.
    
              
- 
                
                  pdhalf
                
                 — 
      Distorts a phasor for reading the two halves of a table at different rates.
    
              
- 
                
                  pdhalfy
                
                 — 
      Distorts a phasor for reading two unequal portions of a table in equal periods.
    
              
- 
                
                  peak
                
                 — 
      Maintains the output equal to the highest absolute value received.
          
              
- 
                
                  pgmassign
                
                 — 
      Assigns an instrument number to a specified MIDI program.
          
              
- 
                
                  phaser1
                
                 — 
      First-order allpass filters arranged in a series.
          
              
- 
                
                  phaser2
                
                 — 
      Second-order allpass filters arranged in a series.
    
              
- 
                
                  phasor
                
                 — 
      Produce a normalized moving phase value.
          
              
- 
                
                  phasorbnk
                
                 — 
      Produce an arbitrary number of normalized moving phase values.
    
              
- 
                
                  phs
                
                 — 
    Obtains the phases of a complex-number array
    
              
- 
                
                  pindex
                
                 — 
      Returns the value of a specified pfield.
    
              
- 
                
                  pinker
                
                 — 
      Generates pink noise.
          
              
- 
                
                  pinkish
                
                 — 
      Generates approximate pink noise.
          
              
- 
                
                  pitch
                
                 — 
      Tracks the pitch of a signal.
          
              
- 
                
                  pitchamdf
                
                 — 
      Follows the pitch of a signal based on the AMDF method.
          
              
- 
                
                  planet
                
                 — 
      Simulates a planet orbiting in a binary star system.
    
              
- 
                
                  platerev
                
                 — 
      Models the reverberation of a metal plate.
    
              
- 
                
                  plltrack
                
                 — 
      Tracks the pitch of a signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  pluck
                
                 — 
      Produces a naturally decaying plucked string or drum sound.
    
              
- 
                
                  poisson
                
                 — 
      Poisson distribution random number generator (positive values only).
    
              
- 
                
                  pol2rect
                
                 — 
    Polar to rectangular format conversion.
    
              
- 
                
                  polyaft
                
                 —  
      Returns the polyphonic after-touch pressure of the selected note number.
          
              
- 
                
                  polynomial
                
                 — 
      Efficiently evaluates a polynomial of arbitrary order.
    
              
- 
                
                  port
                
                 — 
      Applies portamento to a step-valued control signal.
          
              
- 
                
                  portk
                
                 — 
      Applies portamento to a step-valued control signal.
          
              
- 
                
                  poscil3
                
                 — 
      High precision oscillator with cubic interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  poscil
                
                 — 
      High precision oscillator.
    
              
- 
                
                  pow
                
                 — 
      Computes one argument to the power of another argument.
          
              
- 
                
                  powershape
                
                 — 
      Waveshapes a signal by raising it to a variable exponent.
    
              
- 
                
                  powoftwo
                
                 — 
      Performs a  power-of-two calculation.
          
              
- 
                
                  prealloc
                
                 — 
      Creates space for instruments but does not run them.
          
              
- 
                
                  prepiano
                
                 — 
      Creates a tone similar to a piano string prepared in a Cageian fashion.
    
              
- 
                
                  print
                
                 — 
      Displays the values init (i-rate) variables.
    
              
- 
                
                  printf
                
                 — 
      printf-style formatted output
    
              
- 
                
                  printk2
                
                 — 
      Prints a new value every time a control variable changes.
          
              
- 
                
                  printk
                
                 — 
      Prints one k-rate value at specified intervals.
    
              
- 
                
                  printks
                
                 — 
      Prints at k-rate using a printf() style syntax.
          
              
- 
                
                  printks2
                
                 — 
      Prints a new value every time a control variable changes using a
      printf() style syntax. 
    
              
- 
                
                  println
                
                 — 
      Prints at k-rate using a printf() style syntax, appends a new line
    
              
- 
                
                  prints
                
                 — 
      Prints at init-time using a printf() style syntax.
          
              
- 
                
                  printsk
                
                 — 
      Prints at k-rate using a printf() style syntax.
    
              
- 
                
                  printarray
                
                 — 
      Print the contents of an array
    
              
- 
                
                  product
                
                 — 
      Multiplies any number of a-rate signals.
          
              
- 
                
                  product
                
                 — 
      Calculates the product of an array.
    
              
- 
                
                  pset
                
                 — 
      Defines and initializes numeric arrays at orchestra load time.
    
              
- 
                
                  ptrack
                
                 — 
      Tracks the pitch of a signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  puts
                
                 — 
      Print a string constant or variable
          
              
- 
                
                  pvadd
                
                 — 
      Reads from a pvoc file and uses the data to perform additive synthesis.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvbufread
                
                 — 
      Reads from a phase vocoder analysis file and makes the retrieved data available.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvcross
                
                 — 
      Applies the amplitudes from one phase vocoder analysis file to the data from a second file.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvinterp
                
                 — 
      Interpolates between the amplitudes and frequencies of two phase vocoder analysis files.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvoc
                
                 — 
      Implements signal reconstruction using an fft-based phase vocoder.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvread
                
                 — 
      Reads from a phase vocoder analysis file and returns the frequency and amplitude from a single analysis channel or bin.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsadsyn
                
                 — 
      Resynthesize using a fast oscillator-bank.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsanal
                
                 — 
      Generate an fsig from a mono audio source ain, using phase vocoder overlap-add analysis. 
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsarp
                
                 — 
      Arpeggiate the spectral components of a streaming pv signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsbandp
                
                 — 
      A band pass filter working in the spectral domain.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsbandr
                
                 — 
      A band reject filter working in the spectral domain.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsbandwidth
                
                 — 
      Calculate the spectral bandwidth of a signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsbin
                
                 — 
Obtain the amp and freq values off a PVS signal bin.
          
              
- 
                
                  pvsblur
                
                 — 
      Average the amp/freq time functions of each analysis channel for
    a specified time.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsbuffer
                
                 — 
        This opcode creates and writes to a circular buffer for f-signals (streaming PV signals).
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsbufread
                
                 — 
      This opcode reads a circular buffer of f-signals (streaming PV signals).
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsbufread2
                
                 — 
      This opcode reads a circular buffer of f-signals (streaming PV signals), with binwise additional delays.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvscale
                
                 — 
      Scale the frequency components of a pv stream.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvscent
                
                 — 
      Calculate the spectral centroid of a signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsceps
                
                 — 
      Calculate the cepstrum of a pvs input, optionally liftering coefficients.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvscfs
                
                 — 
    Cepstrum all-pole coefficient analysis.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvscross
                
                 — 
      Performs cross-synthesis between two source fsigs.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsdemix
                
                 — 
      Spectral azimuth-based de-mixing of stereo sources.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsdiskin
                
                 — 
      Read a selected channel from a PVOC-EX analysis file.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsdisp
                
                 — 
      Displays a PVS signal as an amplitude vs. freq graph.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsfilter
                
                 — 
      Multiply amplitudes of a pvoc stream by those of a second
pvoc stream, with dynamic scaling.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsfread
                
                 — 
      Read a selected channel from a PVOC-EX analysis file.
          
              
- 
                
                  pvsfreeze
                
                 — 
      Freeze the amplitude and frequency time functions of a pv stream according to a control-rate
      trigger.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsfromarray
                
                 — 
      Same as the tab2pvs opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  pvsftr
                
                 — 
      Reads amplitude and/or frequency data from function tables.
          
              
- 
                
                  pvsftw
                
                 — 
      Writes amplitude and/or frequency data to function tables.
          
              
- 
                
                  pvsfwrite
                
                 — 
 Write a fsig to a PVOCEX file.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsgain
                
                 — 
      Scale the amplitude of a pv stream.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvshift
                
                 — 
      Shift the frequency components of a pv stream, stretching/compressing
      its spectrum.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsifd
                
                 — 
     Instantaneous Frequency Distribution, magnitude and phase analysis.
          
              
- 
                
                  pvsinfo
                
                 — 
      Get information from a PVOC-EX formatted source.
          
              
- 
                
                  pvsinit
                
                 — 
      Initialise a spectral (f) variable to zero.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsin
                
                 — 
      Retrieve an fsig from the input software bus; a pvs equivalent to chani.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvslpc
                
                 — 
    Streaming linear prediction analysis.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsmaska
                
                 — 
      Modify amplitudes using a function table, with dynamic scaling.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsmix
                
                 — 
      Mix 'seamlessly' two pv signals.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsmorph
                
                 — 
      Performs morphing (or interpolation) between two source fsigs.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsmooth
                
                 — 
      Smooth the amplitude and frequency time functions of a pv stream using parallel 1st order
      lowpass IIR filters with time-varying cutoff frequency. 
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsout
                
                 — 
      Write a fsig to the pvs output bus.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsosc
                
                 — 
      PVS-based oscillator simulator.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvspitch
                
                 — 
      Track the pitch and amplitude of a PVS signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvstanal
                
                 — 
Phase vocoder analysis processing with onset detection/processing.
          
              
- 
                
                  pvstencil
                
                 — 
      Transforms a pvoc stream according to a masking function table.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvstrace
                
                 — 
      Retain only the N loudest bins.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvsvoc
                
                 — 
      Combine the spectral envelope of one fsig with the excitation (frequencies) of another.
          
              
- 
                
                  pvsynth
                
                 — 
      Resynthesise using a FFT overlap-add.
    
              
- 
                
                  pvswarp
                
                 — 
      Warp the spectral envelope of a PVS signal
    
              
- 
                
                  pvs2array
                
                 — 
      Same as the pvs2tab opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  pvs2tab
                
                 — 
     Copies spectral data to k-rate arrays (or t-variables). Also known as pvs2array.
    
              
- 
                
                  pyassign Opcodes
                
                 — Assign the value of the given Csound variable to a Python variable possibly destroying its previous content.
    
              
- 
                
                  pycall Opcodes
                
                 — Invoke the specified Python callable at
      k-time and i-time (i suffix), passing the given arguments. The call is
      perfomed in the global environment, and the result (the returning
      value) is copied into the Csound output variables specified. 
    
              
- 
                
                  pyeval Opcodes
                
                 — Evaluate a generic Python expression and store the result in a Csound variable at k-time or i-time (i suffix).
    
              
- 
                
                  pyexec Opcodes
                
                 — Execute a script from a file at k-time or i-time (i suffix).
    
              
- 
                
                  pyinit Opcodes
                
                 — Initialize the Python interpreter.
    
              
- 
                
                  pyrun Opcodes
                
                 — Run a Python statement or block of statements.
    
              
- 
                
                  pwd
                
                 — 
      Asks the underlying operating system for the current directory
      name as a string.
    
              
- 
                
                  qinf
                
                 — 
      Questions whether the argument is a infinite number
    
              
- 
                
                  qnan
                
                 — 
      Questions whether the argument is not a number
    
              
- 
                
                  r2c
                
                 — 
    Real to complex format conversion.
    
              
- 
                
                  rand
                
                 — 
      Generates a controlled random number series.
    
              
- 
                
                  randh
                
                 — 
      Generates random numbers and holds them for a period of time.
          
              
- 
                
                  randi
                
                 — 
      Generates a controlled random number series with interpolation between each new number.
          
              
- 
                
                  random
                
                 — 
      Generates a controlled pseudo-random number series between min and max values.
    
              
- 
                
                  randomh
                
                 — 
      Generates random numbers with a user-defined limit and holds them for a period of time. 
    
              
- 
                
                  randomi
                
                 — 
      Generates a user-controlled random number series with interpolation between each new number.
    
              
- 
                
                  rbjeq
                
                 — 
      Parametric equalizer and filter opcode with 7 filter types, based
      on algorithm by Robert Bristow-Johnson.
          
              
- 
                
                  readclock
                
                 — 
      Reads the value of an internal clock.
          
              
- 
                
                  readf
                
                 — 
      Read a line of text from an external file.
    
              
- 
                
                  readfi
                
                 — 
      Read a line of text from an external file.
    
              
- 
                
                  readk
                
                 — 
      Periodically reads an orchestra control-signal value from an external file.
    
              
- 
                
                  readk2
                
                 — 
      Periodically reads two orchestra control-signal values from an external file.
    
              
- 
                
                  readk3
                
                 — 
      Periodically reads three orchestra control-signal values from an external file.
    
              
- 
                
                  readk4
                
                 — 
      Periodically reads four orchestra control-signal values from an external file.
    
              
- 
                
                  readscore
                
                 — 
      Read, preprocess and schedule a score from an input string.
    
              
- 
                
                  readscratch
                
                 — 
      returns a value stored in the instance of an instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  rect2pol
                
                 — 
    Rectangular to polar format conversion.
    
              
- 
                
                  reinit
                
                 — 
      Suspends a performance while a special initialization pass is executed.
          
              
- 
                
                  release
                
                 — 
      Indicates whether a note is in its “release” stage.
    
              
- 
                
                  remoteport
                
                 — 
      Defines the port for use with the remote system.
    
              
- 
                
                  remove
                
                 — 
      Removes the definition of an instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  repluck
                
                 — 
      Physical model of the plucked string.
          
              
- 
                
                  reshapearray
                
                 — 
      Reshape an array, maintaining its capacity
    
              
- 
                
                  reson
                
                 — 
      A second-order resonant filter.
          
              
- 
                
                  resonbnk
                
                 — 
     A resonator filter bank.
    
              
- 
                
                  resonk
                
                 — 
      A second-order resonant filter.
          
              
- 
                
                  resonr
                
                 — 
      A bandpass filter with variable frequency response.
          
              
- 
                
                  resonx
                
                 — 
      Emulates a stack of filters using the reson opcode.
    
              
- 
                
                  resonxk
                
                 — 
     Control signal resonant filter stack.
          
              
- 
                
                  resony
                
                 — 
      A bank of second-order bandpass filters, connected in parallel.
          
              
- 
                
                  resonz
                
                 — 
      A bandpass filter with variable frequency response.
          
              
- 
                
                  resyn
                
                 — 
    Streaming partial track additive synthesis with cubic phase interpolation with
pitch control and support for timescale-modified input
          
              
- 
                
                  return
                
                 — 
    Returns a value from an instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  reverb
                
                 — 
      Reverberates an input signal with a “natural room” frequency response.
          
              
- 
                
                  reverb2
                
                 — 
      Same as the nreverb opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  reverbsc
                
                 — 
      8 delay line stereo FDN reverb, based on work by Sean Costello
          
              
- 
                
                  rewindscore
                
                 — 
      Rewinds the playback position of the current score performance.
    
              
- 
                
                  rezzy
                
                 — 
      A resonant low-pass filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  rfft
                
                 — 
      Fast Fourier Transform of a real-value array.
    
              
- 
                
                  rifft
                
                 — 
     Complex-to-real Inverse Fast Fourier Transform.
    
              
- 
                
                  rigoto
                
                 — 
      Transfers control during a reinit pass.
          
              
- 
                
                  rireturn
                
                 — 
      Terminates a reinit pass.
          
              
- 
                
                  rms
                
                 — 
      Determines the root-mean-square amplitude of an audio signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  rnd
                
                 — 
      Returns a random number in a unipolar range at the rate given by the input argument.
    
              
- 
                
                  rndseed
                
                 — 
      Sets the global rndseed value.
    
              
- 
                
                  rnd31
                
                 — 
      31-bit bipolar random opcodes with controllable distribution.
          
              
- 
                
                  round
                
                 — 
      Returns the integer value nearest to x
 ; if the fractional part of x is exactly 0.5, the direction of rounding
 is undefined and may depend on the host operating system and Csound version.
     
              
- 
                
                  rspline
                
                 — 
      Generate random spline curves.
    
              
- 
                
                  rtclock
                
                 — 
      Read the real time clock from the operating system.
          
              
- 
                
                  S
                
                 — 
      Returns an S-type equivalent of an init-time or k-rate argument.
          
              
- 
                
                  s16b14
                
                 — 
      Creates a bank of 16 different 14-bit MIDI control message numbers.
    
              
- 
                
                  s32b14
                
                 — 
      Creates a bank of 32 different 14-bit MIDI control message numbers.
    
              
- 
                
                  samphold
                
                 — 
      Performs a sample-and-hold operation on its input.
    
              
- 
                
                  sandpaper
                
                 — 
      Semi-physical model of a sandpaper sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  scale
                
                 — 
      Arbitrary signal scaling.
    
              
- 
                
                  scale2
                
                 — 
      Arbitrary signal scaling with optional smoothing.
    
              
- 
                
                  scalearray
                
                 — 
      Scales the values in a range of a vector (one dimensional array).
    
              
- 
                
                  scanhammer
                
                 — 
      Copies from one table to another with a gain control.
          
              
- 
                
                  scanmap
                
                 — 
      Allows the position and velocity of a node in a scanned process to be read.
          
              
- 
                
                  scans
                
                 — 
      Generate audio output using scanned synthesis.
          
              
- 
                
                  scansmap
                
                 — 
      Allows the position and velocity of a node in a scanned process to be written.
    
              
- 
                
                  scantable
                
                 — 
      A simpler scanned synthesis implementation.
          
              
- 
                
                  scanu
                
                 — 
      Compute the waveform and the wavetable for use in scanned synthesis.
    
              
- 
                
                  scanu2
                
                 — 
      Compute the waveform and the wavetable for use in scanned synthesis.
    
              
- 
                
                  schedkwhen
                
                 — 
      Adds a new score event generated by a k-rate trigger.
    
              
- 
                
                  schedkwhennamed
                
                 — 
      Similar to schedkwhen but uses a named instrument at init-time.
    
              
- 
                
                  schedule
                
                 — 
      Adds a new score event.
    
              
- 
                
                  schedulek
                
                 — 
      Adds a new score event.
    
              
- 
                
                  schedwhen
                
                 — 
      Adds a new score event.
    
              
- 
                
                  scoreline
                
                 — 
      Issues one or more score line events from an instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  scoreline_i
                
                 — 
      Issues one or more score line events from an instrument at i-time.
    
              
- 
                
                  lag
                
                 — 
      Exponential Lag
    
              
- 
                
                  lagud
                
                 — 
      Exponential Lag
    
              
- 
                
                  trigphasor
                
                 — 
      A resettable linear ramp between two levels      
    
              
- 
                
                  trighold
                
                 — 
      Timed trigger, holds a value for a given time
    
              
- 
                
                  seed
                
                 — 
      Sets the global seed value.
          
              
- 
                
                  sequ
                
                 — 
      Emulate a hardware sequencer
    
              
- 
                
                  sekere
                
                 — 
      Semi-physical model of a sekere sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  select
                
                 — 
      Select sample value based on audio-rate comparisons.
    
              
- 
                
                  semitone
                
                 — 
      Calculates a factor to raise/lower a frequency by a given amount of semitones.
    
              
- 
                
                  sense
                
                 — 
      Same as the sensekey opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  sensekey
                
                 — 
      Returns the ASCII code of a key that has been pressed.
    
              
- 
                
                  serialBegin
                
                 — 
      Open a serial port.
    
              
- 
                
                  serialEnd
                
                 — 
      Close a serial port.
    
              
- 
                
                  serialFlush
                
                 — 
      Flush data from a serial port.
    
              
- 
                
                  serialPrint
                
                 — 
      Print data from a serial port.
    
              
- 
                
                  serialRead
                
                 — 
      Read data from a serial port.
    
              
- 
                
                  serialWrite_i
                
                 — 
      Write data to a serial port.
    
              
- 
                
                  serialWrite
                
                 — 
      Write data to a serial port.
    
              
- 
                
                  seqtime2
                
                 — 
      Generates a trigger signal according to the values stored in a table.
    
              
- 
                
                  seqtime
                
                 — 
      Generates a trigger signal according to the values stored in a table.
          
              
- 
                
                  setcol
                
                 — 
     Sets a given column of a 2-dimensional array from a vector.
    
              
- 
                
                  setctrl
                
                 — 
      Configurable slider controls for realtime user input.
          
              
- 
                
                  setksmps
                
                 — 
      Sets the local ksmps value in an instrument or user-defined opcode block
    
              
- 
                
                  setrow
                
                 — 
     Sets a given row of a 2-dimensional array from a vector.
    
              
- 
                
                  setscorepos
                
                 — 
      Sets the playback position of the current score performance to a given position.
    
              
- 
                
                  sfilist
                
                 — 
      Prints a list of all instruments of a previously loaded SoundFont2 (SF2) file.
          
              
- 
                
                  sfinstr3
                
                 — 
      Plays a SoundFont2 (SF2) sample instrument, generating a stereo sound with cubic interpolation.
          
              
- 
                
                  sfinstr3m
                
                 — 
      Plays a SoundFont2 (SF2) sample instrument, generating a mono sound with cubic interpolation.
          
              
- 
                
                  sfinstr
                
                 — 
      Plays a SoundFont2 (SF2) sample instrument, generating a stereo sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  sfinstrm
                
                 — 
      Plays a SoundFont2 (SF2) sample instrument, generating a mono sound.
    
              
- 
                
                  sfload
                
                 — 
      Loads an entire SoundFont2 (SF2) sample file into memory.
    
              
- 
                
                  sflooper
                
                 — 
      Plays a SoundFont2 (SF2) sample preset, generating a stereo sound, with user-defined
      time-varying crossfade looping.
    
              
- 
                
                  sfpassign
                
                 — 
      Assigns all presets of a SoundFont2 (SF2) sample file to a sequence of progressive index numbers.
          
              
- 
                
                  sfplay3
                
                 — 
      Plays a SoundFont2 (SF2) sample preset, generating a stereo sound with cubic interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  sfplay3m
                
                 — 
      Plays a SoundFont2 (SF2) sample preset, generating a mono sound with cubic interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  sfplay
                
                 — 
      Plays a SoundFont2 (SF2) sample preset, generating a stereo sound.
    
              
- 
                
                  sfplaym
                
                 — 
      Plays a SoundFont2 (SF2) sample preset, generating a mono sound.
    
              
- 
                
                  sfplist
                
                 — 
      Prints a list of all presets of a SoundFont2 (SF2) sample file.
          
              
- 
                
                  sfpreset
                
                 — 
      Assigns an existing preset of a SoundFont2 (SF2) sample file to an index number.
          
              
- 
                
                  shaker
                
                 — 
      Sounds like the shaking of a maraca or similar gourd instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  shiftin
                
                 — 
     Shifts the contents of an audio variable into a 1-dimensional array.
    
              
- 
                
                  shiftout
                
                 — 
     Shifts the contents of a 1-dimensional array into an audio variable.
    
              
- 
                
                  signum
                
                 — 
      Performs a signum function.
    
              
- 
                
                  sin
                
                 — 
      Performs a sine function.
          
              
- 
                
                  sinh
                
                 — 
      Performs a hyperbolic sine function.
          
              
- 
                
                  sininv
                
                 — 
      Performs an arcsine function.
          
              
- 
                
                  sinsyn
                
                 — 
      Streaming partial track additive synthesis with cubic phase interpolation 
    
              
- 
                
                  skf
                
                 — 
  Sallen-Key filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  sleighbells
                
                 — 
      Semi-physical model of a sleighbell sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  slicearray
                
                 — 
      Take a slice of a vector.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider16
                
                 — 
      Creates a bank of 16 different MIDI control message numbers.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider16f
                
                 — 
      Creates a bank of 16 different MIDI control message numbers, filtered before output.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider16table
                
                 — 
      Stores a bank of 16 different MIDI control messages to a table.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider16tablef
                
                 — 
      Stores a bank of 16 different MIDI control messages to a table, filtered before output.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider32
                
                 — 
      Creates a bank of 32 different MIDI control message numbers.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider32f
                
                 — 
      Creates a bank of 32 different MIDI control message numbers, filtered before output.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider32table
                
                 — 
      Stores a bank of 32 different MIDI control messages to a table.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider32tablef
                
                 — 
      Stores a bank of 32 different MIDI control messages to a table, filtered before output.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider64
                
                 — 
      Creates a bank of 64 different MIDI control message numbers.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider64f
                
                 — 
      Creates a bank of 64 different MIDI control message numbers, filtered before output.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider64table
                
                 — 
      Stores a bank of 64 different MIDI control messages to a table.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider64tablef
                
                 — 
      Stores a bank of 64 different MIDI control messages to a table, filtered before output.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider8
                
                 — 
      Creates a bank of 8 different MIDI control message numbers.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider8f
                
                 — 
      Creates a bank of 8 different MIDI control message numbers, filtered before output.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider8table
                
                 — 
      Stores a bank of 8 different MIDI control messages to a table.
    
              
- 
                
                  slider8tablef
                
                 — 
      Stores a bank of 8 different MIDI control messages to a table, filtered before output.
    
              
- 
                
                  sliderKawai
                
                 — 
      Creates a bank of 16 different MIDI control message numbers from a KAWAI MM-16 midi mixer.
    
              
- 
                
                  sndloop
                
                 — 
      A sound looper with pitch control.
    
              
- 
                
                  sndwarp
                
                 — 
      Reads a mono sound sample from a table and applies time-stretching and/or pitch modification.
          
              
- 
                
                  sndwarpst
                
                 — 
      Reads a stereo sound sample from a table and applies time-stretching and/or pitch modification.
          
              
- 
                
                  sockrecv
                
                 — 
      Receives data from other processes using the low-level UDP or TCP protocols
    
              
- 
                
                  socksend
                
                 — 
      Sends data to other processes using the low-level UDP or TCP protocols
    
              
- 
                
                  sorta
                
                 — 
      Sorts an array in ascending order.
    
              
- 
                
                  sortd
                
                 — 
      Sorts an array in descending order.
    
              
- 
                
                  soundin
                
                 — 
      Reads audio data from an external device or stream.
          
              
- 
                
                  space
                
                 — 
      Distributes an input signal among 4 channels using cartesian coordinates.
    
              
- 
                
                  spat3d
                
                 — 
      Positions the input sound in a 3D space and allows moving the sound at k-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  spat3di
                
                 — 
      Positions the input sound in a 3D space with the sound source position set at i-time.
          
              
- 
                
                  spat3dt
                
                 — 
      Can be used to render an impulse response for a 3D space at i-time.
          
              
- 
                
                  spdist
                
                 — 
      Calculates distance values from xy coordinates.
    
              
- 
                
                  spf
                
                 — 
   Steiner-Parker filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  splitrig
                
                 — 
      Split a trigger signal
    
              
- 
                
                  sprintf
                
                 — 
      printf-style formatted output to a string variable.
    
              
- 
                
                  sprintfk
                
                 — 
      printf-style formatted output to a string variable at k-rate.
    
              
- 
                
                  spsend
                
                 — 
      Generates output signals based on a previously defined space opcode.
    
              
- 
                
                  sqrt
                
                 — 
      Returns a square root value.
          
              
- 
                
                  squinewave
                
                 — 
      A mostly bandlimited shape-shifting square-pulse-saw-sinewave oscillator with hardsync.
    
              
- 
                
                  sr
                
                 — 
      Sets the audio sampling rate.
    
              
- 
                
                  st2ms
                
                 — 
     Stereo to Mid-Side Conversion.
    
              
- 
                
                  statevar
                
                 — 
      State-variable filter.
    
              
- 
                
                  sterrain
                
                 — 
      A wave-terrain synthesis opcode using curves computed with the superformula
    
              
- 
                
                  stix
                
                 — 
      Semi-physical model of a stick sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  STKBandedWG
                
                 — 
      STKBandedWG uses banded waveguide techniques to model a variety of sounds.
    
              
- 
                
                  STKBeeThree
                
                 — 
      STK Hammond-oid organ-like FM synthesis instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  STKBlowBotl
                
                 — 
      STKBlowBotl uses a helmholtz resonator (biquad filter) with a polynomial jet excitation.
    
              
- 
                
                  STKBlowHole
                
                 — 
      STK clarinet physical model with one register hole and one tonehole. 
    
              
- 
                
                  STKBowed
                
                 — 
      STKBowed is a bowed string instrument.
      
              
- 
                
                  STKBrass
                
                 — 
      STKBrass is a simple brass instrument.
      
              
- 
                
                  STKClarinet
                
                 — 
      STKClarinet uses a simple clarinet physical model.
      
              
- 
                
                  STKDrummer
                
                 — 
      STKDrummer is a drum sampling synthesizer.
      
              
- 
                
                  STKFlute
                
                 — 
      STKFlute uses a simple flute physical model.
      
              
- 
                
                  STKFMVoices
                
                 — 
      STKFMVoices is a singing FM synthesis instrument. 
    
              
- 
                
                  STKHevyMetl
                
                 — 
      STKHevyMetl produces metal sounds.
    
              
- 
                
                  STKMandolin
                
                 — 
      STKMandolin produces mamdolin-like sounds.
    
              
- 
                
                  STKModalBar
                
                 — 
      STKModalBar is a resonant bar instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  STKMoog
                
                 — 
      STKMoog produces moog-like swept filter sounds.
    
              
- 
                
                  STKPercFlut
                
                 — 
      STKPercFlut is a percussive flute FM synthesis instrument. 
    
              
- 
                
                  STKPlucked
                
                 — 
      STKPlucked uses a plucked string physical model.
      
              
- 
                
                  STKResonate
                
                 — 
      STKResonate is a noise driven formant filter.
      
              
- 
                
                  STKRhodey
                
                 — 
      STK Fender Rhodes-like electric piano FM synthesis instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  STKSaxofony
                
                 — 
      STKSaxofony is a faux conical bore reed instrument.    
              
- 
                
                  STKShakers
                
                 — 
      STKShakers is an instrument that simulates environmental sounds or collisions of multiple independent sound producing objects. 
              
- 
                
                  STKSimple
                
                 — 
      STKSimple is a wavetable/noise instrument.
      
              
- 
                
                  STKSitar
                
                 — 
      STKSitar uses a plucked string physical model.
      
              
- 
                
                  STKStifKarp
                
                 — 
      STKStifKarp is a plucked stiff string instrument. 
      
              
- 
                
                  STKTubeBell
                
                 — 
      STKTubeBell is a  tubular bell (orchestral chime) FM synthesis instrument. 
    
              
- 
                
                  STKVoicForm
                
                 — 
      STKVoicForm is a  four formant synthesis instrument. 
    
              
- 
                
                  STKWhistle
                
                 — 
      STKWhistle produces whistle sounds.
    
              
- 
                
                  STKWurley
                
                 — 
      STKWurley simulates a Wurlitzer electric piano FM synthesis instrument. 
    
              
- 
                
                  strchar
                
                 — 
      Return the ASCII code of a character in a string
          
              
- 
                
                  strchark
                
                 — 
      Return the ASCII code of a character in a string
          
              
- 
                
                  strcpy
                
                 — 
      Assign value to a string variable
    
              
- 
                
                  strcpyk
                
                 — 
      Assign value to a string variable (k-rate)
          
              
- 
                
                  strcat
                
                 — 
      Concatenate strings
    
              
- 
                
                  strcatk
                
                 — 
      Concatenate strings (k-rate)
          
              
- 
                
                  strcmp
                
                 — 
      Compare strings
          
              
- 
                
                  strcmpk
                
                 — 
      Compare strings
          
              
- 
                
                  streson
                
                 — 
      A string resonator with variable fundamental frequency.
          
              
- 
                
                  strfromurl
                
                 — 
      Set string variable to value read from an URL
    
              
- 
                
                  strget
                
                 — 
      Set string variable to value from strset table or string p-field
    
              
- 
                
                  strindex
                
                 — 
      Return the position of the first occurence of a string in another string
          
              
- 
                
                  strindexk
                
                 — 
      Return the position of the first occurence of a string in another string
          
              
- 
                
                  strlen
                
                 — 
      Return the length of a string
          
              
- 
                
                  strlenk
                
                 — 
      Return the length of a string
          
              
- 
                
                  strlower
                
                 — 
      Convert a string to lower case
          
              
- 
                
                  strlowerk
                
                 — 
      Convert a string to lower case
          
              
- 
                
                  strrindex
                
                 — 
      Return the position of the last occurence of a string in another string
          
              
- 
                
                  strrindexk
                
                 — 
      Return the position of the last occurence of a string in another string
          
              
- 
                
                  strset
                
                 — 
      Allows a string to be linked with a numeric value.
    
              
- 
                
                  strstrip
                
                 — 
      Strip whitespace from string 
    
              
- 
                
                  strsub
                
                 — 
      Extract a substring
          
              
- 
                
                  strsubk
                
                 — 
      Extract a substring
          
              
- 
                
                  strtod
                
                 — 
      Converts a string to a float (i-rate).
          
              
- 
                
                  strtodk
                
                 — 
      Converts a string to a float (k-rate).
          
              
- 
                
                  strtol
                
                 — 
      Converts a string to a signed integer (i-rate).
    
              
- 
                
                  strtolk
                
                 — 
      Converts a string to a signed integer (k-rate).
    
              
- 
                
                  strupper
                
                 — 
      Convert a string to upper case
          
              
- 
                
                  strupperk
                
                 — 
      Convert a string to upper case
          
              
- 
                
                  subinstr
                
                 — 
      Creates and runs a numbered instrument instance.
          
              
- 
                
                  subinstrinit
                
                 — 
      Creates and runs a numbered instrument instance at init-time.
          
              
- 
                
                  sum
                
                 — 
      Sums any number of a-rate signals, or array elements.
    
              
- 
                
                  sumarray
                
                 — 
      returns the sum of the elements in an array.
    
              
- 
                
                  svfilter
                
                 — 
      A resonant second order filter, with simultaneous lowpass, highpass and bandpass outputs.
          
              
- 
                
                  svn
                
                 — 
     Non-linear state variable filter
    
              
- 
                
                  syncgrain
                
                 — 
Synchronous granular synthesis.
          
              
- 
                
                  syncloop
                
                 — 
Synchronous granular synthesis.
          
              
- 
                
                  syncphasor
                
                 — 
      Produces a normalized moving phase value with sync input and output.
          
              
- 
                
                  system
                
                 — 
      Call an external program via the system call
    
              
- 
                
                  tab
                
                 — 
      Fast table opcode.
    
              
- 
                
                  tab_i
                
                 — 
      Fast table opcodes.
    
              
- 
                
                  tabw
                
                 — 
      Fast table opcodes.
    
              
- 
                
                  tabw_i
                
                 — 
      Fast table opcodes.
    
              
- 
                
                  tabifd
                
                 — 
     Instantaneous Frequency Distribution, magnitude and phase analysis.
          
              
- 
                
                  table
                
                 — 
      Accesses table values by direct indexing.
    
              
- 
                
                  table3
                
                 — 
      Accesses table values by direct indexing with cubic interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  tablecopy
                
                 — 
      Simple, fast table copy opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  tablefilter
                
                 — 
      Filters a source table and writes result into a destination table.
    
              
- 
                
                  tablefilteri
                
                 — 
      Filters a source table and writes result into a destination table.
    
              
- 
                
                  tablegpw
                
                 — 
      Writes a table's guard point.
          
              
- 
                
                  tablei
                
                 — 
      Accesses table values by direct indexing with linear interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  tableicopy
                
                 — 
      Simple, fast table copy opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  tableigpw
                
                 — 
      Writes a table's guard point.
          
              
- 
                
                  tableikt
                
                 — 
      Provides k-rate control over table numbers.
    
              
- 
                
                  tableimix
                
                 — 
      Mixes two tables.
    
              
- 
                
                  tablekt
                
                 — 
      Provides k-rate control over table numbers.
    
              
- 
                
                  tablemix
                
                 — 
      Mixes two tables.
          
              
- 
                
                  tableng
                
                 — 
      Interrogates a function table for length.
          
              
- 
                
                  tablera
                
                 — 
      Reads tables in sequential locations.
    
              
- 
                
                  tableseg
                
                 — 
      Creates a new function table by making linear segments between values in stored function tables.
          
              
- 
                
                  tableshuffle
                
                 — 
      shuffles the content of a function table so that each element of the source
      table is put into a different random position.
    
              
- 
                
                  tablew
                
                 — 
      Change the contents of existing function tables.
    
              
- 
                
                  tablewa
                
                 — 
      Writes tables in sequential locations.
    
              
- 
                
                  tablewkt
                
                 — 
      Change the contents of existing function tables.
          
              
- 
                
                  tablexkt
                
                 — 
      Reads function tables with linear, cubic, or sinc interpolation.
          
              
- 
                
                  tablexseg
                
                 — 
      Creates a new function table by making exponential segments between values in stored function tables.
          
              
- 
                
                  tabmorph
                
                 — 
      Allow morphing between a set of tables.
    
              
- 
                
                  tabmorpha
                
                 — 
      Allow morphing between a set of tables at audio rate with interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  tabmorphak
                
                 — 
      Allow morphing between a set of tables at audio rate with interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  tabmorphi
                
                 — 
      Allow morphing between a set of tables with interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  tabplay
                
                 — 
      Playing-back control signals.
    
              
- 
                
                  tabrec
                
                 — 
      Recording of control signals.
    
              
- 
                
                  tabsum
                
                 — 
      Adding values in a range of a table.
    
              
- 
                
                  tab2array
                
                 — 
      Copy a slice from an f-table to an array
    
              
- 
                
                  tab2pvs
                
                 — 
     Copies spectral data from k-rate arrays (or t-variables.). Also known as pvsfromarray.
    
              
- 
                
                  tambourine
                
                 — 
      Semi-physical model of a tambourine sound.
          
              
- 
                
                  tan
                
                 — 
      Performs a tangent function.
          
              
- 
                
                  tanh
                
                 — 
      Performs a hyperbolic tangent function.
          
              
- 
                
                  taninv
                
                 — 
      Performs an arctangent function.
          
              
- 
                
                  taninv2
                
                 — 
      Returns an arctangent.
          
              
- 
                
                  tbvcf
                
                 — 
       Models some of the filter characteristics of a Roland TB303 voltage-controlled filter.
          
              
- 
                
                  tempest
                
                 — 
      Estimate the tempo of beat patterns in a control signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  tempo
                
                 — 
      Apply tempo control to an uninterpreted score.
          
              
- 
                
                  temposcal
                
                 — 
      Phase-locked vocoder processing with onset detection/processing, 'tempo-scaling'.
    
              
- 
                
                  tempoval
                
                 — 
      Reads the current value of the tempo.
          
              
- 
                
                  tigoto
                
                 — 
      Transfer control at i-time when a new note is being tied onto a previously held note
    
              
- 
                
                  timedseq
                
                 — 
      Time Variant Sequencer
    
              
- 
                
                  timeinstk
                
                 — 
      Read absolute time in k-rate cycles.
    
              
- 
                
                  timeinsts
                
                 — 
      Read absolute time in seconds.
          
              
- 
                
                  timek
                
                 — 
      Read absolute time in k-rate cycles.
    
              
- 
                
                  times
                
                 — 
      Read absolute time in seconds.
          
              
- 
                
                  timout
                
                 — 
      Conditional branch during p-time depending on elapsed note time.
    
              
- 
                
                  tival
                
                 — 
       Puts the value of the instrument's internal “tie-in” flag into the named i-rate variable.
           
              
- 
                
                  tlineto
                
                 — 
      Generate glissandos starting from a control signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  tone
                
                 — 
      A first-order recursive low-pass filter with variable frequency response.
    
              
- 
                
                  tonek
                
                 — 
      A first-order recursive low-pass filter with variable frequency response.
          
              
- 
                
                  tonex
                
                 — 
      Emulates a stack of filters using the tone opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  trandom
                
                 — 
     Generates a controlled pseudo-random number series between min and max values according to a trigger.
    
              
- 
                
                  tradsyn
                
                 — 
      Streaming partial track additive synthesis
    
              
- 
                
                  transeg
                
                 — 
      Constructs a user-definable envelope.
    
              
- 
                
                  transegb
                
                 — 
      Constructs a user-definable envelope in absolute time.
    
              
- 
                
                  transegr
                
                 — 
      Constructs a user-definable envelope with extended release segment.
    
              
- 
                
                  trcross
                
                 — 
      Streaming partial track cross-synthesis.
    
              
- 
                
                  trfilter
                
                 — 
      Streaming partial track filtering.
    
              
- 
                
                  trhighest
                
                 — 
      Extracts the highest-frequency track from a streaming track input signal. 
    
              
- 
                
                  trigexpseg
                
                 — 
      Triggers a series of exponential segments between specified points.
          
              
- 
                
                  trigger
                
                 — 
      Informs when a krate signal crosses a threshold.
          
              
- 
                
                  triglinseg
                
                 — 
      Triggers a series of line segments between specified points.
    
              
- 
                
                  trigseq
                
                 — 
      Accepts a trigger signal as input and outputs a group of values.
    
              
- 
                
                  trim
                
                 — 
      Adjust size o a one-dimensional array.
    
              
- 
                
                  trirand
                
                 — 
      Triangular distribution random number generator
    
              
- 
                
                  trlowest
                
                 — 
      Extracts the lowest-frequency track from a streaming track input signal. 
    
              
- 
                
                  trmix
                
                 — 
      Streaming partial track mixing.
    
              
- 
                
                  trscale
                
                 — 
      Streaming partial track frequency scaling.
    
              
- 
                
                  trshift
                
                 — 
      Streaming partial track frequency scaling.
    
              
- 
                
                  trsplit
                
                 — 
      Streaming partial track frequency splitting.
    
              
- 
                
                  turnoff
                
                 — 
      Enables an instrument to turn itself off or to turn an instance of another instrument off. 
          
              
- 
                
                  turnoff2
                
                 — 
      Turn off instance(s) of other instruments at performance time.
    
              
- 
                
                  turnoff3
                
                 — 
      Turn off instance(s) of other instruments at performance time in
      the queue of scheduled events.
    
              
- 
                
                  turnon
                
                 — 
      Activate an instrument for an indefinite time.
    
              
- 
                
                  tvconv
                
                 — 
      A time-varying convolution (FIR filter) opcode. 
    
              
- 
                
                  unirand
                
                 — 
      Uniform distribution random number generator (positive values only).
    
              
- 
                
                  until
                
                 — 
      A syntactic looping construction.
    
              
- 
                
                  unwrap
                
                 — 
    Applies a unwrapping operation to an array of phase values.
    
              
- 
                
                  upsamp
                
                 — 
      Modify a signal by up-sampling.
    
              
- 
                
                  urandom
                
                 — 
      truly random opcodes with controllable range.
    
              
- 
                
                  urd
                
                 — 
      A discrete user-defined-distribution random generator that can be used as a function.
          
              
- 
                
                  vactrol
                
                 — 
      Envelope follower unit generator.
          
              
- 
                
                  vadd
                
                 — 
      Adds a scalar value to a vector in a table.
    
              
- 
                
                  vadd_i
                
                 — 
      Adds a scalar value to a vector in a table.
      
    
              
- 
                
                  vaddv
                
                 — 
      Performs addition between two vectorial control signals.
    
              
- 
                
                  vaddv_i
                
                 — 
     Performs addition between two vectorial control signals at init time.
    
              
- 
                
                  vaget
                
                 — 
      Access values of the current buffer of an a-rate variable by indexing.
    
              
- 
                
                  valpass
                
                 — 
      Variably reverberates an input signal with a flat frequency response.
    
              
- 
                
                  vaset
                
                 — 
      Write value of into the current buffer of an a-rate variable by index.
    
              
- 
                
                  vbap
                
                 — 
      Distributes an audio signal among many channels.
    
              
- 
                
                  vbapmove
                
                 — 
      Distributes an audio signal among many channels with moving virtual sources.
    
              
- 
                
                  vbapg
                
                 — 
      Calculates the gains for a sound location between multiple channels.
    
              
- 
                
                  vbapgmove
                
                 — 
      Calculates the gains for a sound location between multiple
      channels with moving virtual sources. 
    
              
- 
                
                  vbap16
                
                 — 
      Distributes an audio signal among 16 channels.
    
              
- 
                
                  vbap16move
                
                 — 
      Distribute an audio signal among 16 channels with moving virtual sources.
          
              
- 
                
                  vbap4
                
                 — 
      Distributes an audio signal among 4 channels.
    
              
- 
                
                  vbap4move
                
                 — 
      Distributes an audio signal among 4 channels with moving virtual sources.
    
              
- 
                
                  vbap8
                
                 — 
      Distributes an audio signal among 8 channels.
    
              
- 
                
                  vbap8move
                
                 — 
      Distributes an audio signal among 8 channels with moving virtual sources.
          
              
- 
                
                  vbaplsinit
                
                 — 
      Configures VBAP output according to loudspeaker parameters.
    
              
- 
                
                  vbapz
                
                 — 
      Writes a multi-channel audio signal to a ZAK array.
    
              
- 
                
                  vbapzmove
                
                 — 
      Writes a multi-channel audio signal to a ZAK array with moving virtual sources.
    
              
- 
                
                  vcella
                
                 — 
    Cellular Automata
      
    
              
- 
                
                  vclpf
                
                 — 
      Resonant 4pole linear lowpass filter
    
              
- 
                
                  vco
                
                 — 
      Implementation of a band limited, analog modeled oscillator.
          
              
- 
                
                  vco2
                
                 — 
      Implementation of a band-limited oscillator using pre-calculated tables.
          
              
- 
                
                  vco2ft
                
                 — 
      Returns a table number at k-time for a given oscillator frequency and wavform.
          
              
- 
                
                  vco2ift
                
                 — 
      Returns a table number at i-time for a given oscillator frequency and wavform.
          
              
- 
                
                  vco2init
                
                 — 
      Calculates tables for use by vco2 opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  vcomb
                
                 — 
      Variably reverberates an input signal with a “colored” frequency response.
    
              
- 
                
                  vcopy
                
                 — 
      Copies between two vectorial control signals
    
              
- 
                
                  vcopy_i
                
                 — 
      Copies a vector from one table to another.
    
              
- 
                
                  vdelay
                
                 — 
      An interpolating variable time delay.
    
              
- 
                
                  vdelay3
                
                 — 
      A variable time delay with cubic interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  vdelayx
                
                 — 
      A variable delay opcode with high quality interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  vdelayxq
                
                 — 
      A 4-channel variable delay opcode with high quality interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  vdelayxs
                
                 — 
      A stereo variable delay opcode with high quality interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  vdelayxw
                
                 — 
      Variable delay opcodes with high quality interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  vdelayxwq
                
                 — 
      Variable delay opcodes with high quality interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  vdelayxws
                
                 — 
      Variable delay opcodes with high quality interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  vdelayk
                
                 — 
     k-rate variable time delay.
      
    
              
- 
                
                  vdivv
                
                 — 
       Performs division between two vectorial control signals
    
              
- 
                
                  vdivv_i
                
                 — 
      Performs division between two vectorial control signals at init time.
    
              
- 
                
                  vecdelay
                
                 — 
     Vectorial Control-rate Delay Paths
      
    
              
- 
                
                  veloc
                
                 — 
      Get the velocity from a MIDI event.
          
              
- 
                
                  vexp
                
                 — 
      Performs power-of operations between a vector and a scalar
    
              
- 
                
                  vexp_i
                
                 — 
      Performs power-of operations between a vector and a scalar
    
              
- 
                
                  vexpseg
                
                 — 
      Vectorial envelope generator
    
              
- 
                
                  vexpv
                
                 — 
      Performs exponential operations between two vectorial control signals
    
              
- 
                
                  vexpv_i
                
                 — 
      Performs exponential operations between two vectorial control signals at init time.
    
              
- 
                
                  vibes
                
                 — 
      Physical model related to the striking of a metal block.
          
              
- 
                
                  vibr
                
                 — 
      Easier-to-use user-controllable vibrato.
          
              
- 
                
                  vibrato
                
                 — 
      Generates a natural-sounding user-controllable vibrato.
          
              
- 
                
                  vincr
                
                 — 
      Accumulates audio signals.
    
              
- 
                
                  vlimit
                
                 — 
     Limiting and Wrapping Vectorial Signals
      
    
              
- 
                
                  vlinseg
                
                 — 
      Vectorial envelope generator
    
              
- 
                
                  vlowres
                
                 — 
      A bank of filters in which the cutoff frequency can be separated under user control.
          
              
- 
                
                  vmap
                
                 — 
      Maps elements from a vector according to indexes contained in another vector.
    
              
- 
                
                  vmirror
                
                 — 
     Limiting and Wrapping Vectorial Signals
      
    
              
- 
                
                  vmult
                
                 — 
      Multiplies a vector in a table by a scalar value.
    
              
- 
                
                  vmult_i
                
                 — 
      Multiplies a vector in a table by a scalar value.
    
              
- 
                
                  vmultv
                
                 — 
      Performs mutiplication between two vectorial control signals
    
              
- 
                
                  vmultv_i
                
                 — 
      Performs mutiplication between two vectorial control signals at init time.
    
              
- 
                
                  voice
                
                 — 
      An emulation of a human voice.
    
              
- 
                
                  vosim
                
                 — 
      Simple vocal simulation based on glottal pulses with formant characteristics.
    
              
- 
                
                  vphaseseg
                
                 — 
      Allows one-dimensional HVS (Hyper-Vectorial Synthesis).
    
              
- 
                
                  vport
                
                 — 
      Vectorial Control-rate Delay Paths
    
              
- 
                
                  vpow
                
                 — 
      Raises each element of a vector to a scalar power.
    
              
- 
                
                  vpow_i
                
                 — 
     Raises each element of a vector to a scalar power
    
              
- 
                
                  vpowv
                
                 — 
      Performs power-of operations between two vectorial control signals
    
              
- 
                
                  vpowv_i
                
                 — 
      Performs power-of operations between two vectorial control signals at init time.
    
              
- 
                
                  vps
                
                 — 
      Shapes a phase signal according to a two-dimensional vector.
    
              
- 
                
                  vpvoc
                
                 — 
      Implements signal reconstruction using an fft-based phase vocoder and an extra envelope.
    
              
- 
                
                  vrandh
                
                 — 
      Generates a vector of random numbers stored into a table, holding the values for a period of time.
    
              
- 
                
                  vrandi
                
                 — 
      Generate a sort of 'vectorial band-limited noise'
    
              
- 
                
                  vsubv
                
                 — 
      Performs subtraction between two vectorial control signals
    
              
- 
                
                  vsubv_i
                
                 — 
      Performs subtraction between two vectorial control signals at init time.
    
              
- 
                
                  vtable1k
                
                 — 
     Read a vector (several scalars simultaneously) from a table.
    
              
- 
                
                  vtablei
                
                 — 
     Read vectors (from tables -or arrays of vectors).
    
              
- 
                
                  vtablek
                
                 — 
     Read vectors (from tables -or arrays of vectors).
      
    
              
- 
                
                  vtablea
                
                 — 
     Read vectors (from tables -or arrays of vectors).
      
    
              
- 
                
                  vtablewi
                
                 — 
      Write vectors (to tables -or arrays of vectors).
    
              
- 
                
                  vtablewk
                
                 — 
      Write vectors (to tables -or arrays of vectors).
    
              
- 
                
                  vtablewa
                
                 — 
     Write vectors (to tables -or arrays of vectors).
      
    
              
- 
                
                  vtabi
                
                 — 
      Read vectors (from tables -or arrays of vectors).
    
              
- 
                
                  vtabk
                
                 — 
      Read vectors (from tables -or arrays of vectors).
    
              
- 
                
                  vtaba
                
                 — 
      Read vectors (from tables -or arrays of vectors).
    
              
- 
                
                  vtabwi
                
                 — 
      Write vectors (to tables -or arrays of vectors).
    
              
- 
                
                  vtabwk
                
                 — 
      Write vectors (to tables -or arrays of vectors).
    
              
- 
                
                  vtabwa
                
                 — 
      Write vectors (to tables -or arrays of vectors).
    
              
- 
                
                  vwrap
                
                 — 
     Limiting and Wrapping Vectorial Signals
      
    
              
- 
                
                  waveset
                
                 — 
      A simple time stretch by repeating cycles.
    
              
- 
                
                  websocket
                
                 — 
      Read and write signals and arrays using a websocket connection.
    
              
- 
                
                  weibull
                
                 — 
      Weibull distribution random number generator (positive values only).
    
              
- 
                
                  wgbow
                
                 — 
      Creates a tone similar to a bowed string.
          
              
- 
                
                  wgbowedbar
                
                 — 
      A physical model of a bowed bar.
    
              
- 
                
                  wgbrass
                
                 — 
      Creates a tone related to a brass instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  wgclar
                
                 — 
      Creates a tone similar to a clarinet.
          
              
- 
                
                  wgflute
                
                 — 
      Creates a tone similar to a flute.
          
              
- 
                
                  wgpluck
                
                 — 
      A high fidelity simulation of a plucked string.
    
              
- 
                
                  wgpluck2
                
                 — 
      Physical model of the plucked string.
          
              
- 
                
                  wguide1
                
                 — 
      A simple waveguide model consisting of one delay-line and one first-order lowpass filter.
          
              
- 
                
                  wguide2
                
                 — 
      A model of beaten plate consisting of two parallel delay-lines and two first-order lowpass filters.
    
              
- 
                
                  while
                
                 — 
      A syntactic looping construction.
    
              
- 
                
                  wiiconnect
                
                 — 
      Reads data from a number of external Nintendo Wiimote controllers.
    
              
- 
                
                  wiidata
                
                 — 
      Reads data fields from a number of external Nintendo Wiimote controllers.
    
              
- 
                
                  wiirange
                
                 — 
      Sets scaling and range limits for certain Wiimote fields.
    
              
- 
                
                  wiisend
                
                 — 
      Sends data to one of a number of external Nintendo Wiimote controllers.
    
              
- 
                
                  window
                
                 — 
    Applies a window to an array.
    
              
- 
                
                  wrap
                
                 — 
      Wraps-around the signal that exceeds the low and high thresholds.
          
              
- 
                
                  writescratch
                
                 — 
      writes a value into the scratchpad of the instance of an instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  wterrain
                
                 — 
      A simple wave-terrain synthesis opcode.
          
              
- 
                
                  wterrain2
                
                 — 
      A wave-terrain synthesis opcode using different curves
    
              
- 
                
                  xadsr
                
                 — 
      Calculates the classical ADSR envelope.
    
              
- 
                
                  xin
                
                 — 
      Passes variables to a user-defined opcode block,
    
              
- 
                
                  xout
                
                 — 
      Retrieves variables from a user-defined opcode block,
    
              
- 
                
                  xtratim
                
                 — 
      Extend the duration of real-time generated events.
    
              
- 
                
                  xyin
                
                 — 
      Sense the cursor position in an output window
          
              
- 
                
                  xyscale
                
                 — 
          2D linear interpolation 
    
              
- 
                
                  zacl
                
                 — 
      Clears one or more variables in the za space.
    
              
- 
                
                  zakinit
                
                 — 
      Establishes zak space.
          
              
- 
                
                  zamod
                
                 — 
      Modulates one a-rate signal by a second one.
          
              
- 
                
                  zar
                
                 — 
      Reads from a location in za space at a-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  zarg
                
                 — 
      Reads from a location in za space at a-rate, adds some gain.
          
              
- 
                
                  zaw
                
                 — 
      Writes to a za variable at a-rate without mixing.
          
              
- 
                
                  zawm
                
                 — 
      Writes to a za variable at a-rate with mixing.
          
              
- 
                
                  zdf_1pole
                
                 — 
      Zero-delay feedback implementation of 1 pole filter. 
    
              
- 
                
                  zdf_1pole_mode
                
                 — 
      Zero-delay feedback implementation of 1 pole filter with multimode output. 
    
              
- 
                
                  zdf_2pole
                
                 — 
      Zero-delay feedback implementation of 2 pole filter. 
    
              
- 
                
                  zdf_2pole_mode
                
                 — 
      Zero-delay feedback implementation of 2 pole filter with multimode output. 
    
              
- 
                
                  zdf_ladder
                
                 — 
      Zero-delay feedback implementation of 4 pole ladder filter. 
    
              
- 
                
                  zfilter2
                
                 — 
      Performs filtering using a transposed form-II digital filter lattice with radial pole-shearing and angular pole-warping.
    
              
- 
                
                  zir
                
                 — 
      Reads from a location in zk space at i-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  ziw
                
                 — 
      Writes to a zk variable at i-rate without mixing.
          
              
- 
                
                  ziwm
                
                 — 
      Writes to a zk variable to an i-rate variable with mixing.
          
              
- 
                
                  zkcl
                
                 — 
      Clears one or more variables in the zk space.
          
              
- 
                
                  zkmod
                
                 — 
      Facilitates the modulation of one signal by another.
          
              
- 
                
                  zkr
                
                 — 
      Reads from a location in zk space at k-rate.
          
              
- 
                
                  zkw
                
                 — 
      Writes to a zk variable at k-rate without mixing.
          
              
- 
                
                  zkwm
                
                 — 
      Writes to a zk variable at k-rate with mixing.
          
              
 
- 
            
              Score Statements and GEN Routines
            
          
- 
            
              - 
                
                  Score Statements
                
              
- 
                
                  a Statement (or Advance Statement)
                
                 — 
      Advance score time by a specified amount.
    
              
- 
                
                  b Statement
                
                 — 
      This statement resets the clock.
    
              
- 
                
                  B Statement
                
                 — 
      This statement adjusts the clock.
    
              
- 
                
                  C Statement
                
                 — 
      This statement switches automatic carrying of arguments on or off.
    
              
- 
                
                  d Statement (De Note Statement)
                
                 — 
      removes an active instrument at a specific time.
    
              
- 
                
                  e Statement
                
                 — 
      This statement may be used to mark the end of the last section of the score.
    
              
- 
                
                  f Statement (or Function Table Statement)
                
                 — 
      Causes a GEN subroutine to place values in a stored function table.
    
              
- 
                
                  i Statement (Instrument or Note Statement)
                
                 — 
      Makes an instrument active at a specific time and for a certain duration.
    
              
- 
                
                  m Statement (Mark Statement)
                
                 — 
      Sets a named mark in the score.
    
              
- 
                
                  n Statement
                
                 — 
      Repeats a section.
    
              
- 
                
                  q Statement
                
                 — 
      This statement may be used to quiet an instrument.
    
              
- 
                
                  r Statement (Repeat Statement)
                
                 — 
      Starts a repeated section.
    
              
- 
                
                  s Statement
                
                 — 
      Marks the end of a section.
    
              
- 
                
                  t Statement (Tempo Statement)
                
                 — 
      Sets the tempo.
    
              
- 
                
                  v Statement
                
                 — 
      Provides for locally variable time warping of score events.
    
              
- 
                
                  x Statement
                
                 — 
      Skip the rest of the current section.
    
              
- 
                
                  y Statement (or Seed Statement)
                
                 — 
      Set seed for random numbers.
    
              
- 
                
                  { Statement
                
                 — 
      Begins a non-sectional, nestable loop.
    
              
- 
                
                  } Statement
                
                 — 
      Ends a non-sectional, nestable loop.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN Routines
                
              
- 
                
                  GEN01
                
                 — 
      Transfers data from a soundfile into a function table.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN02
                
                 — 
      Transfers data from immediate pfields into a function table.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN03
                
                 — 
      Generates a stored function table by evaluating a polynomial.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN04
                
                 — 
      Generates a normalizing function.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN05
                
                 — 
      Constructs functions from segments of exponential curves.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN06
                
                 — 
      Generates a function comprised of segments of cubic polynomials.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN07
                
                 — 
      Constructs functions from segments of straight lines.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN08
                
                 — 
      Generate a piecewise cubic spline curve.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN09
                
                 — 
      Generate composite waveforms made up of weighted sums of simple sinusoids.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN10
                
                 — 
      Generate composite waveforms made up of weighted sums of simple sinusoids.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN11
                
                 — 
      Generates an additive set of cosine partials.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN12
                
                 — 
      Generates the log of a modified Bessel function of the second kind.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN13
                
                 — 
      Stores a polynomial whose coefficients derive from the Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN14
                
                 — 
      Stores a polynomial whose coefficients derive from Chebyshevs of the second kind.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN15
                
                 — 
      Creates two tables of stored polynomial functions.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN16
                
                 — 
      Creates a table from a starting value to an ending value.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN17
                
                 — 
      Creates a step function from given x-y pairs.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN18
                
                 — 
      Writes composite waveforms made up of pre-existing waveforms.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN19
                
                 — 
      Generate composite waveforms made up of weighted sums of simple sinusoids.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN20
                
                 — 
      Generates functions of different windows.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN21
                
                 — 
      Generates tables of different random distributions.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN23
                
                 — 
      Reads numeric values from a text file.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN24
                
                 — 
      Reads numeric values from another allocated function-table and rescales them.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN25
                
                 — 
      Construct functions from segments of exponential curves in breakpoint fashion.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN27
                
                 — 
      Construct functions from segments of straight lines in breakpoint fashion.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN28
                
                 — 
      Reads a text file which contains a time-tagged trajectory.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN30
                
                 — 
      Generates harmonic partials by analyzing an existing table.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN31
                
                 — 
      Mixes any waveform specified in an existing table.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN32
                
                 — 
      Mixes any waveform, resampled with either FFT or linear interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN33
                
                 — 
      Generate composite waveforms by mixing simple sinusoids.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN34
                
                 — 
      Generate composite waveforms by mixing simple sinusoids.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN40
                
                 — 
      Generates a random distribution using a distribution histogram.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN41
                
                 — 
      Generates a random list of numerical pairs.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN42
                
                 — 
      Generates a random distribution of discrete ranges of values.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN43
                
                 — 
      Loads a PVOCEX file containing a PV analysis.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN44
                
                 — 
      Generates a stiffness (connection) matrix for use in scanu/scanu2.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN49
                
                 — 
      Transfers data from an MP3 soundfile into a function table.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN51
                
                 — 
      This subroutine fills a table with a fully customized micro-tuning scale, in the manner of Csound opcodes cpstun, cpstuni and cpstmid.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN52
                
                 — 
      Creates an interleaved multichannel table from the specified
	 source tables, in the format expected by the ftconv opcode.
    
              
- 
                
                  GEN53
                
                 — 
      Creates a linear-phase or minimum-phase impulse response table
      from a source table containing a frequency response or an
      impulse response.
    
              
- 
                
                  GENtanh
                
                 — 
      Generate a table with values on the tanh function.
    
              
- 
                
                  GENexp
                
                 — 
      Generate a table with values on the exp function.
    
              
- 
                
                  GENsone
                
                 — 
      Generate a table with values of the sone function.
    
              
- 
                
                  GENquadbezier
                
                 — 
      Generate a table with values from a quadratic Bézier function.
    
              
- 
                
                  GENfarey
                
                 — 
      Fills a table with the Farey Sequence Fn of the integer n.
    
              
- 
                
                  GENwave
                
                 — 
      Generates a compactly supported wavelet function.
    
              
- 
                
                  GENpadsynth
                
                 — 
      Generate a sample table using the padsynth algorithm.
    
              
 
- 
            
              Experimental Orchestra Opcodes and GEN Routines
            
          
- 
            
              - 
                
                  Experimental Orchestra Opcodes
                
              
- 
                
                  cudanal
                
                 — 
      Generate an fsig from a mono audio source ain, using phase
      vocoder overlap-add analysis and GPU hardware. Experimental and
      only available as source code at the moment.
    
              
- 
                
                  cudasynth
                
                 — 
      Synthesis by additive synthesis and inverse FFT. Experimental and
      only available as source code at the moment.
    
              
- 
                
                  cudasliding
                
                 — 
      Perform sliding phase vocoder algorithm with simplified
      transformational FM using GPU hardware. Experimental and
      only available as source code at the moment.
    
              
 
- 
            
              Deprecated Orchestra Opcodes and GEN Routines
            
          
- 
            
              - 
                
                  Deprecated Orchestra Opcodes
                
              
- 
                
                  abetarand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
      
    
              
- 
                
                  abexprnd
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
    
              
- 
                
                  acauchy
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  aexprand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  agauss
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  agogobel
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  alinrand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  apcauchy
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  apoisson
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  apow
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  array
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
    
              
- 
                
                  atrirand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  aunirand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  aweibull
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  bformdec
                
                 — 
      Deprecated. Decodes an ambisonic B format signal.
    
              
- 
                
                  bformenc
                
                 — 
      Deprecated. Codes a signal into the ambisonic B format.
     
              
- 
                
                  clock
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  fin
                
                 — 
      Read signals from a file at a-rate.
    
              
- 
                
                  hrtfer
                
                 — 
      Creates 3D audio for two speakers.
    
              
- 
                
                  ibetarand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ibexprnd
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  icauchy
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ictrl14
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ictrl21
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ictrl7
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  iexprand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  igauss
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ilinrand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  imidic14
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  imidic21
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  imidic7
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  instimek
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  instimes
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ioff
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ion
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  iondur2
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  iondur
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ioutat
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ioutc14
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ioutc
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ioutpat
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ioutpb
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ioutpc
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ipcauchy
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ipoisson
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ipow
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  is16b14
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  is32b14
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  islider16
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  islider32
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  islider64
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  islider8
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  itablecopy
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  itablegpw
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  itablemix
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  itablew
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  itrirand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  iunirand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  iweibull
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kbetarand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kbexprnd
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kcauchy
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kdump2
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kdump3
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kdump4
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kdump
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kexprand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kfilter2
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kgauss
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  klinrand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kon
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  koutat
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  koutc14
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  koutc
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  koutpat
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  koutpb
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  koutpc
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kpcauchy
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kpoisson
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kpow
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kread2
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kread3
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kread4
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kread
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  ktableseg
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
    
              
- 
                
                  ktrirand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kunirand
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  kweibull
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  sc_lag
                
                 — 
      Exponential Lag (DEPRECATED)
    
              
- 
                
                  sc_lagud
                
                 — 
      Exponential Lag (Deprecated)
    
              
- 
                
                  sc_phasor
                
                 — 
      A resettable linear ramp between two levels (renamed as trigphasor)
    
              
- 
                
                  sc_trig
                
                 — 
      Timed trigger (Replaced by trighold)
    
              
- 
                
                  sndload
                
                 — 
      Loads a sound file into memory for use by loscilx
    
              
- 
                
                  peakk
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
          
              
- 
                
                  specaddm
                
                 — 
      Perform a weighted add of two input spectra.
          
              
- 
                
                  specdiff
                
                 — 
      Finds the positive difference values between consecutive spectral frames.
    
              
- 
                
                  specdisp
                
                 — 
      Displays the magnitude values of the spectrum.
    
              
- 
                
                  specfilt
                
                 — 
      Filters each channel of an input spectrum.
    
              
- 
                
                  spechist
                
                 — 
      Accumulates the values of successive spectral frames.
    
              
- 
                
                  specptrk
                
                 — 
      Estimates the pitch of the most prominent complex tone in the spectrum.
    
              
- 
                
                  specscal
                
                 — 
      Scales an input spectral datablock with spectral envelopes.
    
              
- 
                
                  specsum
                
                 — 
      Sums the magnitudes across all channels of the spectrum.
    
              
- 
                
                  spectrum
                
                 — 
      Generate a constant-Q, exponentially-spaced DFT.
    
              
- 
                
                  pop
                
                 — 
      Pops values from the global stack.  Deprecated.
    
              
- 
                
                  pop_f
                
                 — 
      Pops an f-sig frame from the global stack.  Deprecated.
    
              
- 
                
                  ptable
                
                 — 
      Accesses table values by direct indexing.
    
              
- 
                
                  ptablei
                
                 — 
      Accesses table values by direct indexing with linear interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  ptable3
                
                 — 
      Accesses table values by direct indexing with cubic interpolation.
    
              
- 
                
                  ptablew
                
                 — 
      Change the contents of existing function tables of any length.
    
              
- 
                
                  push
                
                 — 
      Pushes a value into the global stack.  Deprecated.
    
              
- 
                
                  push_f
                
                 — 
      Pushes an f-sig frame into the global stack.  Deprecated.
    
              
- 
                
                  soundout
                
                 — 
      Deprecated. Writes audio output to a disk file.
    
              
- 
                
                  soundouts
                
                 — 
      Deprecated. Writes audio output to a disk file.
    
              
- 
                
                  stack
                
                 — 
      Initializes the stack.  Deprecated.
    
              
- 
                
                  tb
                
                 — 
      Table Read Access inside expressions.
    
              
- 
                
                  tableiw
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
    
              
- 
                
                  xscanmap
                
                 — 
      Allows the position and velocity of a node in a scanned process to be read.
          
              
- 
                
                  xscansmap
                
                 — 
      Allows the position and velocity of a node in a scanned process to be read.
    
              
- 
                
                  xscans
                
                 — 
      Fast scanned synthesis waveform and the wavetable generator.
    
              
- 
                
                  xscanu
                
                 — 
      Compute the waveform and the wavetable for use in scanned synthesis.
          
              
- 
                
                  Deprecated Gen Routines
                
              
- 
                
                  GEN22
                
                 — 
      Deprecated.
    
              
 
- 
            
              Historical and Abandonned Opcodes
            
          
- 
            
              - 
                
                  Loris Related Opcodes
                
              
- 
                
                  Loris Opcodes
                
              
- 
                
                  lorismorph
                
                 — Morphs two stored sets of bandwidth-enhanced partials
    and stores a new set of partials representing the morphed
    sound. The morph is performed by linearly interpolating the
    parameter envelopes (frequency, amplitude, and bandwidth, or
    noisiness) of the bandwidth-enhanced partials according to
    control-rate frequency, amplitude, and bandwidth morphing
    functions.    
              
- 
                
                  lorisplay
                
                 — renders a stored set of bandwidth-enhanced partials using the method of Bandwidth-Enhanced Additive Synthesis implemented in the Loris software, applying control-rate frequency, amplitude, and bandwidth scaling envelopes.
              
- 
                
                  lorisread
                
                 — Imports a set of bandwidth-enhanced partials from a SDIF-format
    data file, applying control-rate frequency, amplitude, and
    bandwidth scaling envelopes, and stores the modified partials in
    memory.
           
              
 
- 
            
              The Utility Programs
            
          
- 
            
              - 
                
                  Directories.
                
              
- 
                
                  Soundfile Formats.
                
              
- 
                
                  - 
                    
                      Analysis File Generation (ATSA, CVANAL, HETRO, LPANAL, PVANAL)
                    
                  
- 
                    
                      File Queries (SNDINFO)
                    
                  
- 
                    
                      File Conversion (HET_IMPORT, HET_EXPORT, PVLOOK, PV_EXPORT, PV_IMPORT, SDIF2AD, SRC_CONV)
                    
                  
- 
                    
                      Other Csound Utilities (CS, CSB64ENC, ENVEXT, EXTRACTOR,
  MAKECSD, MIXER, SCALE)
                    
                  
 
 
- 
            
              Cscore
            
          
- 
            
              - 
                
                  Events, Lists, and Operations
                
              
- 
                
                  Writing a Cscore Control Program
                
              
- 
                
                  Compiling a Cscore Program
                
              
- 
                
                  More Advanced Examples
                
              
 
- 
            
              Csbeats